Multiscale Nanoparticle Assembly: From Particulate Precise Manufacturing to Colloidal Processing

Abstract

Nanoparticle assembly and colloidal processing are two techniques with the goal to fabricate materials and devices from preformed particles. While colloidal processing has become an integral part of ceramic processing, nanoparticle assembly is still mainly limited to academic interests. It typically starts with the precise synthesis of building blocks, which are generally not only considerably smaller than those used for colloidal processing, but also better defined in terms of size, shape, and size distribution. Their arrangement into 1D, 2D, and 3D architectures is performed with great accuracy well beyond what is achieved by colloidal processing. At the same time, the final assembly is not sintered such that the intrinsic, nanospecific properties of the initial building blocks are preserved or even lead to collective behavior. However, in contrast to colloidal processing the structures accessible by nanoparticle assembly are often limited to a small length scale. The review presents selected examples of nanoparticle assembly and colloidal processing with the goal to reveal the capabilities of these two techniques to fabricate novel materials from preformed building blocks, and also to demonstrate the immense opportunities that would arise if the two methods could be combined with each other.

The Magnetic Nanomaterial Biofunctions in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

“…They can be used as new carriers for photoactive molecules and improving the photosensitizers' biocompatibility. Moreover, the self-targeting nanomaterial enables sufficient photosensitizer enrichment in the tumor tissue, improving tumor therapeutic effects, and reducing the photosensitizer's adverse effects [66]. Recently, gold nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials, and silica nanomaterials are the major substances in photodynamic therapy.…”

Research and development of medical magnetic nanomaterials

“…通过范德 瓦尔斯作用、静电作用、熵驱动、氢键、聚合物模板、 外场控制、表面配体分子结合等组装方法, 可以在多 尺度上制备多种形貌的纳米颗粒组装结构. 由于组 装结构中颗粒间相互作用不同, 纳米颗粒组装结构 可以展现出多种新的集体性质和效应 [57,58] . 在各种 纳组装方法中, 利用外加磁场控制的组装无需添加 化学试剂, 操作灵活方便, 可在多尺度上形成多种形 貌的组装结构, 尤其适合生物医药磁性纳米材料的 组装.…”

Chelating Agent Functionalized Substrates for the Formation of Thick Films via Electrophoretic Deposition

“…Along with film-substrate stability, increasing film thickness can improve a material's performance in microwave applications, energy storage capabilities, and optical and sensing properties (Rao et al, 2016;Verma et al, 2018;Cao et al, 2018;Mahender et al, 2019). There are a number of nanoparticle deposition techniques that can be used to fabricate nanoparticle films, such as drop-casting, spin-coating, dipcoating, spray-coating, aerosol deposition, electrophoretic deposition, and Langmuir-Blodgett deposition, to name several (Niederberger, 2017). One of the aforementioned methods that has received increasing attention for depositing nanoparticle films with controllable thickness and relative ease is electrophoretic deposition (EPD) (Amrollahi et al, 2015).…”