Multiscale fluid–structure interaction modelling to determine the mechanical stimulation of bone cells in a tissue engineered scaffold

Zhao, Feihu; Vaughan, Ted J.; McNamara, Laoise M.

doi:10.1007/s10237-014-0599-z

Cited by 73 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Typically, WSS resulting from load-induced fluid flow is not considered to be the main driver of scaffold stimulation under compressive loading regimes (Sandino et al 2008;Zhao et al 2015). However, our model predicts that under a compressive strain of 5% (1Hz) in 400μm pore-size scaffolds, which has been experimentally shown to achieve enhanced osteogenic differentiation (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…five-fold) (Zhao et al 2015). Moreover, cells with different attachment types (attached on the struts and bridged across the pores) were found to receive different levels of strain under mechanical compression (Zhao et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, cells with different attachment types (attached on the struts and bridged across the pores) were found to receive different levels of strain under mechanical compression (Zhao et al 2015). Furthermore, the modelling approach did not incorporate the effect of cell contraction, which was dictated by the mechanical properties of the biomaterial scaffold and influenced osteogenic differentiation (Harley et al 2008;Keogh et al 2010;Murphy et al 2012;Murphy et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A constant uniform inlet fluid velocity profile was applied (v=100µm/s), and a zero pressure boundary condition was assumed at the outlet (Gomes et al 2003;Zhao et al 2015).…”

Section: Boundary and Loading Conditions Of Computational Fluid Dynammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…when compared to applied fluid perfusion only (Jagodzinski et al 2008;Liu et al 2012a;Stops et al 2010). Interestingly, recent computational studies showed 7 that a combination of fluid perfusion and mechanical compression led to more ubiquitous stimulation of bone cells within a TE scaffold (Hendrikson et al 2014;Zhao et al 2015), in particular to both cells that had an attached and bridged configuration. However, these studies only investigated a single loading regime and the nature of mechanical stimulation within scaffolds under different types of combined external loading (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Quantification of fluid shear stress in bone tissue engineering scaffolds with spherical and cubical pore architectures

Zhao

Vaughan

McNamara

2015

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A constant uniform inlet fluid velocity profile was applied (v=100µm/s), and a zero pressure boundary condition was assumed at the outlet (Gomes et al 2003;Zhao et al 2015).…”

Section: Boundary and Loading Conditions Of Computational Fluid Dynammentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Quantification of fluid shear stress in bone tissue engineering scaffolds with spherical and cubical pore architectures

Zhao

Vaughan

McNamara

2015

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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Enhanced Osteogenic Properties of Bone Repair Scaffolds through Synergistic Effects of Mechanical and Biochemical Stimulation

Qiu

Wang

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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Herein, the osteogenic properties of bone repair scaffolds are improved by combining mechanical and biochemical stimulations. In the bone microenvironment, fluid shear stress (FSS) is the primary mechanical stimulation. The FSS of the cells is closely related to the scaffold structure. Scaffolds with the same wall thickness (400 μm) and different pore sizes (700, 800, and 900 μm) are established. The FSS of the cells on the scaffold surface is analyzed using the two‐way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) method to obtain the ideal structure. The 400–900 polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold with optimal mechanical stimulation is fabricated using selective laser sintering (SLS). BMP‐2/PLGA microspheres are loaded onto the 400–900 scaffold to further enhance the osteogenic properties through the synergistic effect of biochemical stimulations. The results indicate that the FSS of cells decreases with an increase in the pore size, and the pore size of 900 μm yields the best osteogenic differentiation. At 8 weeks after implantation, the 400–900 microspheres scaffold have the highest ratio of bone volume to total volume (BV/TV) and a uniform distribution of new bone. The results show that BMP‐2/PLGA microspheres can accelerate the formation of new bone.

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A three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of shear stress distribution during neotissue growth in a perfusion bioreactor

Guyot

Luyten

Schrooten

et al. 2015

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Bone tissue engineering strategies use flow through perfusion bioreactors to apply mechanical stimuli to cells seeded on porous scaffolds. Cells grow on the scaffold surface but also by bridging the scaffold pores leading a fully filled scaffold following the scaffold's geometric characteristics. Current computational fluid dynamic approaches for tissue engineering bioreactor systems have been mostly carried out for empty scaffolds. The effect of 3D cell growth and extracellular matrix formation (termed in this study as neotissue growth), on its surrounding fluid flow field is a challenge yet to be tackled. In this work a combined approach was followed linking curvature driven cell growth to fluid dynamics modeling. The level-set method (LSM) was employed to capture neotissue growth driven by curvature, while the Stokes and Darcy equations, combined in the Brinkman equation, provided information regarding the distribution of the shear stress profile at the neotissue/medium interface and within the neotissue itself during growth. The neotissue was assumed to be micro-porous allowing flow through its structure while at the same time allowing the simulation of complete scaffold filling without numerical convergence issues.The results show a significant difference in the amplitude of shear stress for cells located within the micro-porous neo-tissue or at the neotissue/medium interface, demonstrating the importance of taking along the neotissue in the calculation of the mechanical stimulation of cells during culture.The presented computational framework is used on different scaffold pore geometries demonstrating its potential to be used a design as tool for scaffold architecture taking into account the growing neotissue. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Multiscale fluid–structure interaction modelling to determine the mechanical stimulation of bone cells in a tissue engineered scaffold

Cited by 73 publications

References 43 publications

Quantification of fluid shear stress in bone tissue engineering scaffolds with spherical and cubical pore architectures

Quantification of fluid shear stress in bone tissue engineering scaffolds with spherical and cubical pore architectures

Enhanced Osteogenic Properties of Bone Repair Scaffolds through Synergistic Effects of Mechanical and Biochemical Stimulation

A three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of shear stress distribution during neotissue growth in a perfusion bioreactor

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