Multiresidue screening method for detection of benzimidazoles and their metabolites in liver and muscle by high-performance liquid chromatography: method development and validation according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC

Abstract

The use of veterinary drugs may cause the presence of residues in food of animal origin if appropriate withdrawal periods are not respected. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous detection of 11 benzimidazole residues, including metabolites – albendazole, albendazole sulphoxide, albendazole sulphone, fenbendazole, fenbendazole sulphoxide (oxfendazole), fenbendazole sulphone, flubendazole, mebendazole, oxibendazole, thiabendazole, 5-hydroxythiabendazole – in bovine, ovine, equine, swine, rabbit and poultry liver and in bovine, swine and fish muscle. After extraction with a dicloromethane/acetonitrile solution (35/65 v/v) containing 5% ammonium hydroxide, the solvent was evaporated to dryness, the residue was dissolved in HCl 0.1 M, defatted with hexane, purified on a strong cation exchange solid-phase extraction cartridge and analysed in HPLC with diode array and fluorescence detectors. The method was validated as screening qualitative method evaluating, according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC criteria, specificity, CCβ and β error at cut off level of 25 μg/kg and ruggedness.

Optimization and validation of high‐performance liquid chromatography using modified QuEChERS to determine anthelmintic drugs in mutton

“…Liquid chromatography (LC) combined with other discovery systems, such as UV or diode array, fluorescence or mass spectrometry (MS), is considered the best technique to quantify multiresidues of veterinary drugs (Chicoine et al, 2020). However, many methods used for the quantification of anthelmintic drug residues in animal‐derived foods, such as high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (HPLC‐UV) spectroscopy (Cirkovic et al, 2015; Gili et al, 2014), ultra‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with different types of detector depending on the nature of the analytes (da Silva et al, 2017; Del Bianchi A. Cruz et al, 2018), micellar LC (Pawar et al, 2021), capillary zone electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) (Tejada‐Casado et al, 2018), and recently LC–MS/MS, have been considered as advanced systematic techniques to quantify anthelmintic drugs in various animal‐based foodstuffs (Baralla et al, 2020; Casey et al, 2021; Mooney et al, 2019; Yoo et al, 2021).…”