Multiracial Identity Integration: Perceptions of Conflict and Distance among Multiracial Individuals

Cheng, Chi‐Ying; Lee, Fiona

doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2008.01587.x

Cited by 139 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…When this happens, a typical response is to segregate identities, enact them in different contexts, and abandon integration attempts (Benet-Martinez et al, 2006;Cheng & Lee, 2009). In this regard, the diffuse external accountability pressures associated with personal identities make it unlikely that an actor will be criticized for not enacting the identity in contexts that do not call for such behavior directly.…”

Section: Martinez Et Al 2006; Maddux Et Al 2009) If Successive Imentioning

confidence: 99%

An Identity-Based Approach to Social Enterprise

Wry

York

2017

AMR

387

361

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Social enterprise has gained widespread acclaim as a tool for addressing social and environmental problems. Yet because social enterprises integrate social welfare and commercial logics, they face the challenge of pursuing frequently conflicting goals. Studies have begun to address how established social enterprises can manage these tensions, but we know little about how, why, and with what consequences social entrepreneurs mix competing logics as they create new organizations. To address this gap, we develop a theoretical model based in identity theory that helps to explain (1) how commercial and social welfare logics become relevant to entrepreneurship, (2) how different types of entrepreneurs perceive the tension between these logics, and (3) what implications this has for how entrepreneurs recognize and develop social enterprise opportunities. Our approach responds to calls from organizational and entrepreneurship scholars to extend existing frameworks of opportunity recognition and development to better account for social enterprise creation.

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Section: Martinez Et Al 2006; Maddux Et Al 2009) If Successive Imentioning

confidence: 99%

An Identity-Based Approach to Social Enterprise

Wry

York

2017

AMR

387

361

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“…While it is clear that biracial individuals do not have any lower level of psychological well-being or social adjustment, they do however face a very unique challenge in handling two or more racial identities (Cheng & Lee, 2009). Not only are these individuals more likely to face disapproval from extended family members, they are also more likely to face disapproval from the community, their neighborhood and peers.…”

Section: Biracial Identitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This challenged the traditional notions that race and racial categories have been are discrete, while also extending current thinking regarding interracial group relationships and put stress on political and social policy makers (Cheng & Lee, 2009).…”

Section: History Of the Censusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is no different for biracial individuals. The process however, which biracial individuals use to achieve and choose their racial identity is far more complex as they simultaneously are belonging to more than one racial group (Cheng & Lee, 2009). Racial identity and formation can be traced throughout history and how not just those who are racially different than the majority perceive themselves, but also how the majority views the minority.…”

Section: Biracial Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of this increase in disapproval, biracial individuals must also learn to cope with feelings of isolation and how to reconcile their differences as well as the tensions they face regarding their different racial categories (Cheng & Lee, 2009). All of these dynamics are influenced by not just racial experiences, but the support and acceptance felt by those whom surround them.…”

Section: Biracial Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mothers and Their Biracial Children: Growing Up Biracial in a One Race Fits All Society

Felts-Keller¹

2009

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Diversity in the person, diversity in the group: Challenges of identity complexity for social perception and social interaction

Bodenhausen

2009

Euro J Social Psych

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Social psychological research is increasingly coming to grips with the complexity of social identity within the individual, both from the perspective of perceivers trying to form impressions and make judgments about multiply categorizable targets, as well as from the perspective of actors using their different self-aspects as a framework for guiding their interactions with the social world. I review several contributions to the effort to better understand these issues and then explore some of their possible implications for understanding the nature and consequences of diversity within the group. The importance of social categories in guiding social cognition and behavior was recognized decades ago by seminal figures in social psychology (Allport, 1954;Sherif, 1948;Tajfel, 1974). Since then, research on social categorization and associated phenomena such as stereotyping and intergroup conflict has flowed in a steadily increasing stream, attesting to the theoretical centrality and practical significance of these issues. Much of the social psychological research that has been conducted in this tradition has focused on one identity dimension at a time (e.g., race or sex or nationality) and has assumed the existence of distinct, discrete categories within a given dimension (e.g., clearly defined racial groups) rather than overlapping, blended, or ambiguous categories. In addition, researchers often tend either to adopt the perspective of the observer, asking how social categories are imposed on target persons in the course of social perception, or they adopt the perspective of the actor, asking how categorical identities are claimed or disavowed in the course of self-perception, and how these identities influence subsequent selfregulation. These research traditions have yielded undeniably rich and diverse insights into the dynamics of social categorization, but the picture they have produced has not fully come to terms with some of the inherent complexities of social categorization.In recent times, researchers have begun to turn their attention more explicitly toward the multifaceted nature of social identities. The diversity of identity, within the individual, has been increasingly recognized and investigated, both from the perceiver's and the actor's perspectives. The impact of a group's diversity on group dynamics and productivity has also been increasingly recognized in recent years, but the issue becomes more complicated when one recognizes the diversity that resides within the individual members comprising the group. In this article, I review some of the recent research and theory bearing on the diversity of identity, considering its implications both for individuals and groups. As will become clear, many key issues remain ripe for empirical exploration.

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Multiracial Identity Integration: Perceptions of Conflict and Distance among Multiracial Individuals

Cited by 139 publications

References 29 publications

An Identity-Based Approach to Social Enterprise

An Identity-Based Approach to Social Enterprise

Mothers and Their Biracial Children: Growing Up Biracial in a One Race Fits All Society

Diversity in the person, diversity in the group: Challenges of identity complexity for social perception and social interaction

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