Multipolar Contributions of the Second Harmonic Generation from Silver and Gold Nanoparticles

Russier‐Antoine, Isabelle; Bénichou, Emmanuel; Bachelier, Guillaume; Jonin, and Christian; Brevet, P. F.

doi:10.1021/jp0675025

Cited by 152 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…Figure 5a shows that the SHG polarizabilities predicted for nanographene exceed by three orders of magnitude the optimal values measured for noble metal nanoparticles of similar lateral size. For a comprehensive comparison of SHG with noble metals, we present data from experiments performed on various nanoparticle morphologies, including highly asymmetric structures, as well as for different excitation frequencies 8,[30][31][32] . The comparison per unit volume is even more favourable to graphene, as it is an atomically thin structure, in contrast to the three-dimensional nanoparticles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically tunable nonlinear plasmonics in graphene nanoislands

2014

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Nonlinear optical processes rely on the intrinsically weak interactions between photons enabled by their coupling with matter. Unfortunately, many applications in nonlinear optics are severely hindered by the small response of conventional materials. Metallic nanostructures partially alleviate this situation, as the large light enhancement associated with their localized plasmons amplifies their nonlinear response to record high levels. Graphene hosts long-lived, electrically tunable plasmons that also interact strongly with light. Here we show that the nonlinear polarizabilities of graphene nanoislands can be electrically tuned to surpass by several orders of magnitude those of metal nanoparticles of similar size. This extraordinary behaviour extends over the visible and near-infrared spectrum for islands consisting of hundreds of carbon atoms doped with moderate carrier densities. Our quantummechanical simulations of the plasmon-enhanced optical response of nanographene reveal this material as an ideal platform for the development of electrically tunable nonlinear optical nanodevices. T he well established field of nonlinear photonics hosts a vast number of applications, including spatial and spectral control of laser light, all-optical signal processing, ultrafast switching and sensing 1,2 . Because the efficiencies of nonlinear optical processes are generally poor, considerable effort has been devoted towards seeking materials that can display nonlinear effects at low light intensities and ultrafast response times [2][3][4] . For this purpose, plasmonic nanostructures have been particularly attractive due to their ability to generate high local intensity enhancements through strong confinement of electromagnetic fields 3,5,6 , leading to second-harmonic polarizabilities as high as B10 À 27 esu (electrostatic units) per atom, as measured for noble metal nanoparticles 3 , and even beating the best molecular chromophores 3,7,8 . However, although localized plasmons can be customized through the size, shape and surrounding environment of the metal nanostructures 5 , they suffer from low lifetimes and lack post-fabrication tunability 9 .Doped graphene has recently attracted much attention as an alternative plasmonic material capable of sustaining electrically tunable optical excitations with long lifetimes [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . The existence of gate-tunable plasmons in graphene has been confirmed by THz 13,14 and mid-infrared 15,16 spectroscopies, while optical nearfield microscopy has been used to image them in real space 17,18 . Efforts to extend the plasmonic response of graphene to the visible and near-infrared regimes are currently underway 12 . In addition, graphene has been predicted to display intense nonlinearity due to its anharmonic charge-carrier dispersion relation 19 . Recent four-wave mixing 20 , Kerr effect 21 , and thirdharmonic generation (THG) 22 experiments already confirm a large third-order response in this material in the undoped, plasmon-free state. Graphene plasmons co...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically tunable nonlinear plasmonics in graphene nanoislands

2014

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“…As a result, the total nonlinear polarization consists of different contributions such as multipolar radiation of the harmonic energy of the excited dipole and possibly of higher multipoles, as we discussed in our previous publication or reported by others. 20,[24][25][26] The HRS intensity therefore also consists of several contributions. The first one is the electric dipole approximation, which may arise due to the defects in nanoparticle.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This contribution is very important when the size of the particle is no longer negligible when compared to the wavelength, as we reported before. 20,[24][25][26] Figure 2 shows how the HRS intensity varies after addition of different concentrations of Hg (II) into modified gold nanoparticle solution (12 nM). We observed a very distinct HRS intensity change (about 1.2 times) even after addition of 5 ppb Hg(II) as shown in Figure 2b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and UV-visible absorption spectrum were used to characterize the nanoparticles. The particle concentration was measured by UV-visible spectroscopy using the molar extinction coefficients at the wavelength of the maximum absorption of each gold colloid as reported recently 11,[25][26][27][28] [ (15) …”

Section: Gold Nanoparticle Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Detection of Mercury (II) Ion Using Nonlinear Optical Properties of Gold Nanoparticles

et al. 2008

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Contamination of the environment with heavy metal ions has been an important concern throughout the world for decades. Driven by the need to detect trace amounts of mercury in environmental samples, this article demonstrates for the first time that nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of MPA-HCys-PDCA-modified gold nanoparticles can be used for rapid, easy and reliable screening of Hg(II) ions in aqueous solution, with high sensitivity (5 ppb) and selectivity over competing analytes. The hyper Rayleigh scattering (HRS) intensity increases 10 times after the addition of 20 ppm Hg 2+ ions to modified gold nanoparticle solution. The mechanism for HRS intensity change has been discussed in detail using particle size-dependent NLO properties as well as a two-state model. Our results show that the HRS assay for monitoring Hg(II) ions using MPAHCys-PDCA-modified gold nanoparticles has excellent selectivity over alkali, alkaline earth (Li + , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ ), and transition heavy metal ions (Pb 2+ , Pb + , Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ ).

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“…This is not surprising sinceˇis known to scale linearly with surface area [309]. For comparison, the first hyperpolarizability of an HGN with ∼80 nm diameter is 3 times that of a solid Au nanoparticle of the same size and ∼1.5 times that of a solid Au nanoparticle with a 30 nm diameter [86,310]. Another factor contributing to larger HGNˇvalues is the presence of pinholes, which are known to generate hot spots, particularly when the pinhole axis is perpendicular (or near perpendicular) to the applied polarized light [290,311].…”

Section: First Hyperpolarizabilities (ˇ)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Controllable Cobalt Oxide/Au Hierarchically Nanostructured Electrode for Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensing

2016

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By electrodeposition and galvanic replacement reaction, we developed a facile, time-saving, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly, two-step synthesis route to obtain a controllable cobalt oxide/Au hierarchically nanostructured electrode for glucose sensing. The nanomaterials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, meanwhile, the sensing performance was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric response. The results revealed that this novel electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance toward glucose oxidation, with a wide double-linear range from 0.2 μM to 20 mM and a low detection limit of 0.1 μM based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, which was mainly attributed to the ability of loading a small amount of Au with good electron conductivity on the surface of cobalt oxide nanosheets with large active surface area and synergistic electrocatalytic activity of Au and cobalt oxide toward glucose electrooxidation. This facile, sensitive, and selective glucose sensor is also proven to be suitable for the detection of glucose in human serum.

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Multipolar Contributions of the Second Harmonic Generation from Silver and Gold Nanoparticles

Cited by 152 publications

References 25 publications

Electrically tunable nonlinear plasmonics in graphene nanoislands

Electrically tunable nonlinear plasmonics in graphene nanoislands

Selective Detection of Mercury (II) Ion Using Nonlinear Optical Properties of Gold Nanoparticles

Controllable Cobalt Oxide/Au Hierarchically Nanostructured Electrode for Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensing

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