Multiplying Mighty Davids?

Debor, Sarah

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77628-6

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In this study we specifically focus on organizational structures that can be labeled as "energy cooperatives" (refer to country-specific definitions in the Methods section). Recommended entry points to the literature are [10,[12][13][14]. Recent country-specific entry points to the literature are: Germany [10,14], Denmark [15,16], Belgium [17], Sweden [18,19], UK [20], Finland [21], Spain [22], Italy [23], Austria [24,25], France [26], Netherlands [27].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries

et al. 2018

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The share of renewable energy is increasing throughout Europe. Yet, little is known about how much can be attributed to different actors, other than those commercially active. This paper provides empirical evidence of activities by energy cooperatives in the field of renewable energy in four different European countries. It draws from a database consisting of 2671 entries, contrasting results from current literature. We find that energy cooperatives are important enablers of the energy transition. However, their role is shrinking in recent years due to a tightening or removal of supportive schemes. We conclude that it is necessary to develop a systematic accounting system to properly track and make visible the contributions by different actors. In turn, this will help to better model the likely speed of Europe’s energy transition.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries

et al. 2018

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“…According to the International Co-operative Alliance (2018), a cooperative is “an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically-controlled enterprise.” In many countries, a cooperative is a legally constituted form of corporation with democratic membership control, constrained profit distribution, and open membership. This includes Switzerland and Germany, where public actors can also become members of cooperatives, and the latter have thus become vessels for collaboration between local citizens and local decision makers (Debor, 2018). Due to the one member-one vote principle of cooperatives, public actors are on an equal footing with other members (Reynolds, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Energy Cooperatives and Municipalities in Local Energy Governance Arrangements in Switzerland and Germany

Schmid

Meister

Klagge

et al. 2019

The Journal of Environment & Development

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Participation of citizens in local energy decisions is increasingly recognized as helpful for a successful decentralized energy transition. In this article, we focus on energy cooperatives in which private individuals jointly develop facilities to generate energy from renewable sources, thus involving citizens both politically and economically. Focusing on Switzerland and Germany, we show that there is a strong linkage between such cooperatives and municipalities, characterized by collaboration and support, and that the cooperatives are well suited as collaborating partners. We also show that federalist structures are most suited for such local arrangements as municipalities must have leeway to support cooperatives in a targeted manner and to compensate for shortcomings in the energy policy of superordinate governmental levels. Based on these results, we suggest that local governments should be given sufficient financial capacities and autonomy to strengthen implementation of a decentralized energy transition that involves citizens. However, we also recognize that municipal structures alone are often insufficient and that superordinate policies, especially national subsidies, remain essential. Hence, policies at the municipal and national levels should take greater account of citizen initiatives, such as energy cooperatives, which exhibit various noncommodifiable advantages relevant to the energy transition.

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“…The tree heights are generally 15 to 20 m. The in-between lower agricultural areas are typically between 200 and 300 m asl, the main cultures being cereals, rapeseed, potatoes, and sugar beets. According to [21], the surface of the Wolfhagen municipality is 52% crops, 34% woods, and 14% other uses, including urban and industrial settings.…”

Section: The Measuring Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variability of the Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Hilly Terrain as Observed with an RPAS

et al. 2019

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The operation of a Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) over a hilly area in northern Germany allows inspection of the variability of the profiles of temperature, humidity, and wind speed next to a small hill. Four cases in nearly stationary conditions are analyzed. Two events are windy, one overcast and the other with clear skies, whereas the two other cases have weak winds, one overcast, and one with clear skies and dissipating mist. The profiles are made at five locations surrounding the hill, separated by a distance from each other of 5 km at most, sampling up to 130 m above the ground. The average profiles and their standard deviations indicate that the variability in the windy cases is approximately constant with height, likely linked to the turbulent flow itself, whereas, for the weak wind cases, the variability diminishes with height, and it is probably linked to the surface variability. The variability between soundings is large. The computation of the root mean square error with respect to the average of the soundings for each case shows that the site closest to the average is the one over open terrain and low vegetation, whereas the site in the forest is the farthest from average. Comparison with the profiles to the nearest grid point of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model shows that the closest values are provided by the average of the soundings and by the site closest to the average. Despite the small dataset collected during this exercise, the methodology developed here can be used for more cases and locations with the aim to characterize better the local variability in the lower atmosphere. In this sense, a non-dimensional heterogeneity index is proposed to quantify the topographically and thermally induced variability in complex terrain.

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Multiplying Mighty Davids?

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries

Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries

Energy Cooperatives and Municipalities in Local Energy Governance Arrangements in Switzerland and Germany

Spatial Variability of the Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Hilly Terrain as Observed with an RPAS

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