Multiplicity spectra in pp collisions at high energies in terms of Gamma and Tsallis distributions

Abstract

In recent years the Tsallis statistics is gaining popularity in describing charged particle production and their properties, in particular pT spectra and the multiplicities in high energy particle collisions. Motivated by its success, an analysis of the LHC data of proton-proton collisions at energies ranging from 0.9 TeV to 7 TeV in different rapidity windows for charged particle multiplicities has been done. A comparative analysis is performed in terms of the Tsallis distribution, the Gamma distribution and the shifted-Gamma distribution. An interesting observation on the inapplicability of these distributions at √ s=7 TeV in the lower rapidity windows is intriguing. The non-extensive nature of the Tsallis statistics is studied by determining the entropic index and its energy dependence. The analysis is extrapolated to predict the multiplicity distribution at √ s=14 TeV for one rapidity window, |y| < 1.5 with the Tsallis function.

Temperature fluctuations and Tsallis statistics in Relativistic Heavy Ion collisions

“…Though the overall result remains the same at any collision energy, we find that at lower collision energies the Tsallis entropic index is significantly higher. This is in contradiction to the results of [27] where the entropic index appears to be increasing with increasing collision energies. We would like to emphasize the point that the colliding system is very different in ref.…”

“…A higher multiplicity distribution will result in lower (q − 1) values. A similar result was also obtained by [27] where the authors had studied multiplicity spectra of p − p collisions at very high LHC energies (1-7 TeV) using the Tsallis distribution. The authors had looked at several rapidity windows in the energy range and the conclusion that can be reached from their studies is what we have also obtained.…”

“…We would like to emphasize the point that the colliding system is very different in ref. [27]. Here we are studying Au + Au collisions whereas the ref.…”

Moments of multiplicity distributions using Tsallis statistics in leptonic and hadronic collisions

“…The leptonic data from the L3 and OPAL experiments at √ s = 91 to 206 GeV [28][29][30][31][32] in the full phase space are analysed. Various analyses on the multiplicity distrubtions using these data have been done by us previously and results can be found in the references [13][14][15][16]. In the following sections results of the moments and average multiplicities obtained using the Tsallis statistics at different energies are discussed…”

“…In the last few years Tsallis model [12] has been used successfully in describing the MDs in hadronic and leptonic collisions for different collision energies. Recently we have analysed the e + e − , pp andpp collisions at different energies by using the Tsallis model [13][14][15][16]. In the present study we use the Tsallis approach to measure correlations between the particles produced in both leptonic and hadronic interactions at energies ranging from few GeV upto the LHC energies.…”