Multiplication of Maize Rayado Fino Virus in the Leafhopper Vector &lt;i&gt;Dalbulus maidis&lt;/i&gt;

Rivera, C.; Gámez, Rodrigo

doi:10.1159/000149659

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…MRFV is naturally transmitted in a persistent propagative manner by the maize leafhopper Dalbulus maidis, with virus replicating in both the plant host and insect vector (Rivera & Gamez, 1986). It has also been experimentally transmitted by several other leafhopper species including the black-faced leafhopper, Graminella nigrifrons (Nault, Gingery, & Gordon, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Maize rayado fino virus for virus‐induced gene silencing

Mlotshwa¹,

Xu²,

Willie

et al. 2020

Plant Direct

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Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV) is the type species of the genus Marafivirus in the family Tymoviridae. It infects maize (Zea mays), its natural host, to which it is transmitted by leafhoppers including Dalbulus maidis and Graminella nigrifrons in a persistent‐propagative manner. The MRFV monopartite RNA genome encodes a precursor polyprotein that is processed into replication‐associated proteins. The genome is encapsidated by two carboxy co‐terminal coat proteins, CP1 and CP2. Cloned MRFV can be readily transmitted to maize by vascular puncture inoculation (VPI), and such virus systems that can be used in maize are valuable to examine plant gene function by gene silencing. However, the efficacy of marafiviruses for virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) has not been investigated to date. To this end, MRFV genomic loci were tested for their potential to host foreign insertions without attenuating virus viability. This was done using infectious MRFV clones engineered to carry maize phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene fragments (ZmPDS) at various genomic regions. Several MRFV‐PDS constructs were generated and tested for infectivity and VIGS in maize. This culminated in identification of the helicase/polymerase (HEL/POL) junction as a viable insertion site that preserved virus infectivity, as well as several sites at which sequence insertion caused loss of virus infectivity. Transcripts of viable constructs, carrying PDS inserts in the HEL/POL junction, induced stable local and systemic MRFV symptoms similar to wild‐type infections, and triggered PDS VIGS initiating in veins and spreading into both inoculated and noninoculated leaves. These constructs were remarkably stable, retaining inserted sequences for at least four VPI passages while maintaining transmissibility by D. maidis. Our data thus identify the MRFV HEL/POL junction as an insertion site useful for gene silencing in maize.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Maize rayado fino virus for virus‐induced gene silencing

Mlotshwa¹,

Xu²,

Willie

et al. 2020

Plant Direct

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“…MRFV multiplies in its host plant (Zea mays L.) and in its insect vector (Dalbulus maidis Delong & Wolcott) on which it is totally dependent for transmission (Rivera & G~mez, 1986). On the basis of immunological cross-reactivity, oat blue dwarf virus from North America and bermudagrass etch-line virus from Africa (Lockhart et al, 1985) now constitute with MRFV a new group of plant viruses (Lockhart et al, 1985;Gfimez & Le6n, 1985.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-free Translation of Maize Rayado Fino Virus Genomic RNA

Espinoza

Ramírez

León

1988

Journal of General Virology

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“…This more passive behavior resembles that of “virus-like particles” which will be discussed in the next section. A few reports however indicated the occurrence of replication in insect vectors of viruses commonly considered to be transmitted in a non-propagative manner (Rivera and Gamez, 1986; Pakkianathan et al, 2015). During passage through the insect body, it can be expected that cells become infected, virions are dismantled and moderate viral replication may be initiated.…”

Section: Viral Genome Engineering and Production Of Recombinant Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Delivery of dsRNA for Control of Insect Agricultural Pests and Vectors of Human Disease: Prospects and Challenges

et al. 2017

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RNAi is applied as a new and safe method for pest control in agriculture but efficiency and specificity of delivery of dsRNA trigger remains a critical issue. Various agents have been proposed to augment dsRNA delivery, such as engineered micro-organisms and synthetic nanoparticles, but the use of viruses has received relatively little attention. Here we present a critical view of the potential of the use of recombinant viruses for efficient and specific delivery of dsRNA. First of all, it requires the availability of plasmid-based reverse genetics systems for virus production, of which an overview is presented. For RNA viruses, their application seems to be straightforward since dsRNA is produced as an intermediate molecule during viral replication, but DNA viruses also have potential through the production of RNA hairpins after transcription. However, application of recombinant virus for dsRNA delivery may not be straightforward in many cases, since viruses can encode RNAi suppressors, and virus-induced silencing effects can be determined by the properties of the encoded RNAi suppressor. An alternative is virus-like particles that retain the efficiency and specificity determinants of natural virions but have encapsidated non-replicating RNA. Finally, the use of viruses raises important safety issues which need to be addressed before application can proceed.

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Multiplication of Maize Rayado Fino Virus in the Leafhopper Vector <i>Dalbulus maidis</i>

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Engineering Maize rayado fino virus for virus‐induced gene silencing

Engineering Maize rayado fino virus for virus‐induced gene silencing

Cell-free Translation of Maize Rayado Fino Virus Genomic RNA

Viral Delivery of dsRNA for Control of Insect Agricultural Pests and Vectors of Human Disease: Prospects and Challenges

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