Multiplexing Optical Images for Steganography by Single Metasurfaces

Cao, Yue; Tang, Lili; Li, Jiaqi; Lee, Chengkuo; Zhang, Dong

doi:10.1002/smll.202206319

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In this context, the study of visual security of images is of great interest, both for protecting commercial secrets and personal privacy. To secure images, researchers have developed various image security techniques, such as digital watermarking, 1 steganography, 2 secure image transmission, 3 and image encryption 4 , 5 . Among them, image encryption is considered to be the most popular method to safeguard the security and integrity of image contents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual security index of selective encrypted images based on multi-directional structure and content-aware features

et al. 2023

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Selective encryption algorithms have emerged as a popular technique for protecting the privacy of images during real-time transmission. For selectively encrypted images, it is necessary to evaluate their security and usability with visual security indices, and there have been a series of studies in this area. However, those proposed visual security indices (VSI) are often ineffective. We present a multidirectional structure and content-aware features-based visual security index (MCVSI) to perform an objective assessment on selectively encrypted images. Considering that selectively encrypted images prevent the main contents from being easily identified, stable local features in the images are extracted to indicate the degree of image content leakage. Meanwhile, we extract spatial structure information that closely aligns with human visual perception to indicate the level of variation in the overall image skeleton. Next, these features are subjected to similarity measurements to produce two types of similarity, content perception feature similarity and structure feature similarity. Finally, our visual security index is built by connecting all feature similarities and their corresponding visual security scores using the regression module. The experimental results and analyses indicate that the proposed MCVSI outperforms many existing mainstream VSI in terms of higher performance and stronger robustness, particularly on low and medium quality images.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual security index of selective encrypted images based on multi-directional structure and content-aware features

et al. 2023

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“…The metasurface platform offers many desirable features beyond conventional polarization optics, including compactness, light weight, and high resolution. We expect that the ultrathin nature and unique properties of the developed metasurface devices hold promises for lightweight optical polarization systems applicable to fields such as image steganography and virtual reality (35)(36)(37)(38).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinally variable 3D optical polarization structures

Li,

Ansari,

Ahmed

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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Generation and manipulation of three-dimensional (3D) optical polarization structures have received considerable interest because of their distinctive optical features and potential applications. However, the realization of multiple 3D polarization structures in a queue along the light propagation direction has not yet been reported. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a metalens to create longitudinally variable 3D polarization knots. A single metalens can simultaneously generate three distinct 3D polarization knots, which are indirectly validated with a rotating polarizer. The 3D polarization profiles are dynamically modulated by manipulating the linear polarization direction of the incident light. We further showcase the 3D image steganography with the generated 3D polarization structures. The ultrathin nature of metasurfaces and unique properties of the developed metalenses hold promise for lightweight polarization systems applicable to areas such as 3D image steganography and virtual reality.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metalens in Improving Imaging Quality: Advancements, Challenges, and Prospects for Future Display

Peng,

Zhang,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Metalens, a metasurface with a focusing phase, has been the focus of research due to its immense potential for use in imaging and display technology. Traditional lens and optical imaging systems rely on phase accumulation, however metalens with subwavelength structures provide a disruptive path for miniaturized optical imaging systems by allowing unfettered modulation of incident light's phase and amplitude. Recently, extensive efforts have been devoted to exploring new design strategies, new functionalities, and possible applications. This paper reviews the development, principle, classification, and research status of metalens. In particular, this review focuses on the progress and challenges of improving imaging quality and expanding imaging diversity, including improvements of resolution, enhancement of depth of field, extension of field of view, and achromatism. Lastly, the prospects of metalens in the future display are summarized, and the application potentials of metalens in novel 3D display, intelligent and bionic display, as well as nano‐pixelate light‐emitting display (NLED) are emphasized.

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Multiplexing Optical Images for Steganography by Single Metasurfaces

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Visual security index of selective encrypted images based on multi-directional structure and content-aware features

Visual security index of selective encrypted images based on multi-directional structure and content-aware features

Longitudinally variable 3D optical polarization structures

Metalens in Improving Imaging Quality: Advancements, Challenges, and Prospects for Future Display

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