Multiplex Relations between States: Coevolution of Trade Agreements and Political Alliances

Mon, Yi Yi; Lim, Seunghoo; Kakinaka, Makoto

doi:10.3390/su11143911

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…After completing the training model on the massive corpus, it adapts the model parameters to taskbased tasks. First assume a labeled dataset C , where each instance of the dataset consists of a sequence of input tokens 1 ,, m XX fed into the pre-trained model to obtain the activation of the final Transformer module m l h , which is then fed into an additional linear output layer with parameter y W to predict the output value y , then:…”

Section: Japanese Text Feature Translation Based On the Gpt-2 Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 21st century, China has become the world's most potential competitor in the global market with a large number of high-tech technologies. [1][2]. Because Japan not only has the world's most advanced technology in many areas worth learning but also has a very close relationship with China in terms of economic and cultural aspects, the translation efficiency is higher between China and Japan needs to have a dialog.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xiaoting He and Liangliang Shi. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1) (2024)[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] …”

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confidence: 99%

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A Study of the Assistive Nature of Artificial Intelligence Technology for Japanese Translation and Interpretation

He,

Shi

2024

Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences

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Traditional Japanese translation methods have certain disadvantages, and the introduction of artificial intelligence technology into them can enhance the effect of Japanese interpretation and translation. In this paper, the Japanese language data of Twitter and Facebook are used as the basis to construct a Japanese language interpretation and translation corpus, and the GPT-2 model is constructed on the basis of Transformer for Japanese text translation. To optimize the Seq2Seq model for Japanese speech interpretation, the Attention mechanism is introduced to establish a Japanese speech translation model. A Japanese oral and written corpus was used to analyze the validity of the methods mentioned above. The results show that the class/form ratio in the Japanese oral/translated corpus fluctuates between [0.1231, 0.1448], but the survival rate of borrowed words under the scientific category reaches the highest of 54.14%, and the average number of occurrences of each word is between [4.35, 4.95]. Japanese verbal and translated texts had an average sentence length of 40 hours, and their translation accuracy was approximately 74.16%. The quality of translation can be effectively improved, and cultural exchange between China and Japan can be enhanced by integrating AI technology with Japanese interpretation and translation.

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Section: Japanese Text Feature Translation Based On the Gpt-2 Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study of the Assistive Nature of Artificial Intelligence Technology for Japanese Translation and Interpretation

He,

Shi

2024

Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences

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“…Western European countries, highly dependent on Russian energy imports, have been at the forefront of the various pressures brought about by the deterioration of bilateral political relations. Therefore, the impact of bilateral political relations on energy trade cannot be ignored (Mon et al, 2019).…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral political relations and the security of China's energy imports

Tang,

Wang,

Yuan

et al. 2023

Energy Exploration & Exploitation

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As human demand for energy continues to grow, energy security has become an important research topic for national economic and social development. As the country with the highest energy demand and import in the world, China needs to ensure its energy import security in a personal way. Against this research background, this paper investigates the causal relationship between bilateral political relations and China's energy import security. This research selected HS 6-digit percentile trade data from 47 energy-exporting countries engaged in energy trade with China from 2000 to 2020. A trade gravity model was constructed to examine the impact of bilateral political relations on China's energy import security. Multiple empirical analyses were conducted using the PPMLHDFE method to investigate various aspects of the relationship. The research shows that: (1) Bilateral political relations can significantly affect China's energy trade imports. (2) The regional security situation of exporting countries and the signing of free trade agreements with China play a moderating role between bilateral political relations and energy imports. (3) In the heterogeneity analysis, the influence of bilateral political relations on China's energy trade has obvious stage characteristics, and the influence of bilateral political relations on China's energy trade is stronger in countries and regions along the Belt and Road Initiative, and there is a certain path-dependent type of China's energy imports.

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“…PTAs are understood to mean non-reciprocal preferential schemes and distinct from FTAs or RTAs, which are covered by the Transparency Mechanism and defined as reciprocal trade agreements between two or more partners [7,15,17]. In order to avoid the unnecessary confusion, we use the broad definition of "Trade Agreements" (TAs) as in [18] in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade Agreements and Global Value Chains: New Evidence from China’s Belt and Road Initiative

et al. 2020

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This paper investigates the relationship between China’s trade agreements (TAs) and partner countries’ upgrade in global value chains (GVCs). We focus on the experience of China and relate China’s TAs with one belt and one road (OBOR) initiative. A structural equation model (SEM) is applied on a dataset including 216 countries and regions to identify the direct and indirect effects of China’s TAs and OBOR initiative on its export, outwards foreign direct investment (OFDI) and partner economy’ GVCs upgrade over the period 2010–2015. We find that China’s TA partner countries are more likely to be included in the OBOR initiative than those non-TA partner countries. The positive effects of China’s TAs and OBOR initiative on China’s export, outwards foreign direct investment (OFDI) and partner countries’ upgrade in GVCs differ across country groups at the different locations of GVCs. Both vertical and horizontal spillover effects exist in China’s TAs. Therefore, the partner countries at low end and middle of GVCs might benefit more from TAs with China than those richer countries at the high end of GVCs.

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Multiplex Relations between States: Coevolution of Trade Agreements and Political Alliances

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

A Study of the Assistive Nature of Artificial Intelligence Technology for Japanese Translation and Interpretation

A Study of the Assistive Nature of Artificial Intelligence Technology for Japanese Translation and Interpretation

Bilateral political relations and the security of China's energy imports

Trade Agreements and Global Value Chains: New Evidence from China’s Belt and Road Initiative

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