Multiplex Lithographic SERS Aptasensor for Detection of Several Respiratory Viruses in One Pot

Abstract

Rapid and reliable techniques for virus identification are required in light of recurring epidemics and pandemics throughout the world. Several techniques have been distributed for testing the flow of patients. Polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription is a reliable and sensitive, though not rapid, tool. The antibody-based strip is a rapid, though not reliable, and sensitive tool. A set of alternative tools is being developed to meet all the needs of the customer. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) provides the possibility of single molecule detection taking several minutes. Here, a multiplex lithographic SERS aptasensor was developed aiming at the detection of several respiratory viruses in one pot within 17 min. The four labeled aptamers were anchored onto the metal surface of four SERS zones; the caught viruses affect the SERS signals of the labels, providing changes in the analytical signals. The sensor was able to decode mixes of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus two), influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus within a single experiment through a one-stage recognition process.

Rapid SERS Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A

“…We also performed experiments with BoNT-non-specific aptamer. The DNA aptamer for the human respiratory syncytial virus strain A2 was originally developed by Percze et al [ 26 ] and further modified with the thiol group and TAMRA dye [ 20 ]. The results are displayed in Table 5 .…”

“…One-step techniques are much easier in implementation, but signal enhancement in a binary complex is the main obstacle. A novel approach was proposed for virus detection in multiplex SERS-based aptasensors [ 20 ]. The Raman label is conjugated with the recognizing element immobilized on the SERS substrate.…”

“…This idea allows detection of BoNT A in the binary complex with the aptamer without sandwich assembly and additional staining procedures. The approach was previously used in our work to detect whole viruses (influenza A, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2) [ 20 ]. Large targets reoriented Raman labels on the surface, providing an analytical signal.…”

COVID-19 Pandemic: Therapeutic Strategies and Vaccines

“…One such innovation is surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which offers the potential for single-molecule detection within a matter of minutes. In their study, Kukushkin et al developed a multiplex lithographic SERS aptasensor with the aim of simultaneously detecting multiple respiratory viruses in a single test, completed in just 17 minutes [ 45 ]. This aptasensor incorporates four aptamers, each labeled differently, and they are anchored onto the metal surface of four distinct SERS zones.…”

Nanoisland SERS-Substrates for Specific Detection and Quantification of Influenza A Virus

“…Here we discuss the SERS-based aptasensors with LoD values compared to or lower than the LoD of polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription (≤10 3 VP/mL) with a time of analysis below 20 min. Interestingly, antibody-based SERS sensors concede to aptasensors in LoD values and time of analysis [21,22]; the possible reason is a large size of proteins as compared with aptamers, as well as the SERS decrease during protein adsorption, demanding a complex multilayer architecture of the sensors.…”