Multiplex cytokine profiling in patients with sepsis

Abstract

A major goal for the clinical research in sepsis is mapping the various mediators driving the systemic manifestations of infection. Identifying relevant mediators responsible for the physiological alterations during sepsis may offer diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. We aimed to explore the novel approach of simultaneously measuring several biomolecules using the multiplex technique and to study its relevance in diagnosing and monitoring septic patients. In 30 patients fulfilling American College of Chest Physicians and the Society of Critical Care Medicine sepsis criteria, we simultaneously measured 17 cytokines during the first 7 days after admission. We analysed the results with respect to the presence of septic shock and survival. Five patients died during the study. We found a significant positive correlation between the monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β and interleukin (IL)-8 levels in the first 3 days and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment score on day 1. Most cytokines showed no significant difference between patients with mild or severe sepsis. The initial levels of MIP-1β and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor were lower in patients with septic shock than in patients without shock. IL-8 and MCP-1 early after admission were higher in the non-survivors (p < 0.05). In the multivariate logistical regression, the initial levels of IL-8 were the most predictive for fatal outcome. Moreover, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, interferon-γ, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and tumour necrosis factor-α exhibited persistent increases in non-survivors. The simultaneous evaluation of multiple cytokines in sepsis may identify complex cytokine patterns that reflect the systemic response associated with shock and mortality.

Plasma Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 as a Predictive Marker for Sepsis Prognosis: A Prospective Cohort Study

“…Our MCP-1 results are consistent with those reported by Mera et al (2011). Using multiplex cytokine profiling, those authors found that the expression levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 soon after ICU admission were higher in nonsurvivors compared to survivors.…”

“…Five cytokines, RANTES, EGF, VEGF R3, MIP-1δ, and LAP, showed significant and consistent differences between the two groups and were selected for further analysis. Changes in the MCP-1 and IL-6 expression levels were opposite but obviously different between the two groups, consistent with previous reports (Mera et al 2011;Li et al 2014), which demonstrated the value of MCP-1 and IL-6 levels in predicting mortality for patients with sepsis. Therefore, we researched these two cytokines, in addition to the five cytokines mentioned above.…”

Candida albicans-Staphylococcus aureus Polymicrobial Peritonitis Modulates Host Innate Immunity

“…In addition, human sepsis results in the upregulation of a number of similar proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and MIP-1␣ (53). This begs the question of whether the upregulation of these cytokines is specific to C. albicans-S. aureus infections or whether they are simply activated in response to any polymicrobial peritoneal infection, possibly via simultaneous signaling of innate immunity receptors.…”

The Sick and the Weak: Neuropathies/Myopathies in the Critically Ill

“…However, mechanical ventilation was not separated as an independent variable in the analysis of cytokine profiles. A more targeted study measured circulating cytokines during the first week after admission in 30 septic patients (480 Immobilization, muscle unloading, mechanical ventilation patient mobilization, respirator weaning FIGURE 2. Specific pathophysiological mechanisms in ICUAW may either evolve in time independently or trigger subsequent pathways to present with phases of myopathy during critical illness.…”