Multiple α sub-variants and anisotropic mechanical properties of an additively-manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Zhang, Yinling; Chen, Zhuo; Qu, Shoujiang; Ai, Feng; Mi, Guangbao; Shen, Jun; Xu, Huibin; Chen, Daolun

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.06.039

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The relevance of this study and the topic as a whole is confirmed in Lewandowski and Mohsen [1], Rosenthal et al [2], Carroll et al [3], Zhang et al [4], Zhao et al [5], Chen et al [6], Ren et al [7], and Ataee et al [8], in which comprehensive testing and analyses of additively manufactured materials are reported.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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Development of elastic–plastic model of additively produced titanium for personalised endoprosthetics

Боровков

Маслов

Tarasenko

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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This study presents a model for Ti6Al4V alloy produced by applying electron beam melting as continuum media with orthotropic elastic and plastic properties and its application in total hip replacement (THR). The model exhibits three Young’s moduli, three shear moduli, and three Poisson’s ratios as elastic properties and six coefficients describing the Hill yield criterion. Several uniaxial tension and torsion experiments and subsequent data processing were performed to evaluate the properties and coefficients. The typical values obtained for Young’s moduli, shear moduli, and Poisson’s ratio were 121–124 MPa, 37–42 MPa, and 0.25–0.26, respectively. A comparison of the experimental tension and torsion curves with those obtained by a finite element analysis revealed a good correlation with a maximum error of 9.5%. The finite element simulation of a personalised pelvic implant for THR manufactured from the obtained material proved the mechanical capability of the implant to successfully withstand the applied loads.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…In Zhang et al [4] and Zhao et al [5], the microstructure of additively produced titanium samples and the mechanical properties of the material in different directions were investigated. Several mechanical tests were performed to obtain the mechanical parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of elastic–plastic model of additively produced titanium for personalised endoprosthetics

Боровков

Маслов

Tarasenko

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…However, additive manufactured components often do not exhibit the same quality of components made by conventional methods, due to occurrence of internal defects (e.g., porosity) and formation of a complex microstructure, thus affecting the resulting fatigue and other mechanical properties. For example, Zhang et al [ 88 ] recently observed the presence of α lamellae with six variants, together with multiple sub-variants, whose relative content influenced the mechanical anisotropy in a Ti-6Al-4V alloy manufactured via selective electron beam melting (SEBM). Post-processing applied on additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V components show enormous potential in improvement of the alloy’s quality, e.g., by HIP process which leads to a homogenous microstructure and can reduce the porosity of titanium alloy parts produced by selective laser melting (SLM) [ 89 ].…”

Section: Aircraft Engines and Crmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Raw Materials Saving by Protective Coatings under Extreme Conditions: A Review of Last Trends in Alloys and Coatings for Aerospace Engine Applications

et al. 2021

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Several applications where extreme conditions occur require the use of alloys often containing many critical elements. Due to the ever increasing prices of critical raw materials (CRMs) linked to their high supply risk, and because of their fundamental and large utilization in high tech products and applications, it is extremely important to find viable solutions to save CRMs usage. Apart from increasing processes’ efficiency, substitution, and recycling, one of the alternatives to preserve an alloy and increase its operating lifetime, thus saving the CRMs needed for its manufacturing, is to protect it by a suitable coating or a surface treatment. This review presents the most recent trends in coatings for application in high temperature alloys for aerospace engines. CRMs’ current and future saving scenarios in the alloys and coatings for the aerospace engine are also discussed. The overarching aim of this paper is to raise awareness on the CRMs issue related to the alloys and coating for aerospace, suggesting some mitigation measures without having the ambition nor to give a complete overview of the topic nor a turnkey solution.

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“…Tan et al [10,11] has revealed the martensitic transformation in the EBM fabrication of Ti-6Al-4V, indicating the existence of martensite. Zhang et al [12] claimed that abundant α lamellae with six variants were presented inside the columnar prior-β grains and they observed multiple sub-variants in each α variant for the first time. Their valuable research showed that the relative amount of six α variants could account for the anisotropy in the mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many factors such as process parameters [13][14][15], scanning strategies [16][17][18], build orientation [13,[19][20][21][22][23][24], heat treatments [25][26][27][28][29] and hot isostatic pressing [28,[30][31][32][33] affect the microstructure and mechanical properties of EBM Ti-6Al-4V. Besides, columnar prior β-grains were found to epitaxially grow through a few layers and their major axis was found to orient parallel to the build direction [2,11,12,23,26,[34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Direction-Based Characterization of Microstructures and Microhardness of TA15 Titanium Alloy Produced by Electron Beam Melting

et al. 2021

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The extracted position and characterization direction of specimens have an unignorable effect on the microstructural characteristics of materials produced by electron beam melting (EBM). This study focused on the effects of extracted position and characterization direction on the microstructure, defect distribution and Vickers hardness of TA15 titanium alloy fabricated by electron beam melting. Results show that the microstructure at the bottom end of TA15 specimens is coarser and hot cracks are visible at this end. Grain morphology in longitudinal direction is columnar while that in transversal direction is chessboard-like. The results of defect analysis show that gas pores are visible in transversal direction while lack of fusion exists in longitudinal direction. The average relative density of TA15 specimens in transversal direction is higher than that in longitudinal direction. The results of energy spectrum analysis show that there is evaporation of Al during the forming process, but no elements segregation and enrichment are observed. This study provides important insights on the microstructure analysis and defect evaluation of materials made by EBM technology.

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Multiple α sub-variants and anisotropic mechanical properties of an additively-manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Cited by 29 publications

References 69 publications

Development of elastic–plastic model of additively produced titanium for personalised endoprosthetics

Development of elastic–plastic model of additively produced titanium for personalised endoprosthetics

Critical Raw Materials Saving by Protective Coatings under Extreme Conditions: A Review of Last Trends in Alloys and Coatings for Aerospace Engine Applications

Spatial and Direction-Based Characterization of Microstructures and Microhardness of TA15 Titanium Alloy Produced by Electron Beam Melting

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