Multiple variations of the cerebral arteries associated with tetralogy of Fallot: a case report

Abstract

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) can be associated with vascular malformations or variations, especially of the aortic arch or supracardiac major venous systems. We report its association with an extremely rare combination of three such variations of the cerebral arteries-a right persistent hypoglossal artery, an extremely rare left carotid-right anterior cerebral artery (ACA) anastomosis, and a left accessory middle cerebral artery arising from the A1-A2 junction of the left ACA-which were diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography in a 9-year-old girl during evaluation of multiple acute cerebral infarctions.

Treatment of a posterior cerebral artery aneurysm in the context of complex cardio-cerebrovascular variations using the Tubridge flow diverter

“…Sato et al and Nonaka et al have both reported cases combinations of PIA with intracranial aneurysm. 6) It has been reported that 59% of PIA patients are complicated with other cerebrovascular abnormalities, and approximately 10% of these are intracranial aneurysms. Arteriovenous malformation and vein of Galen malformation are also related to PIA.…”