Multiple uses of dexmedetomidine in small animals: a mini review

Franco, Chiara; Evangelista, Flavia; Briganti, Angela

doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1135124

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 87 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…The influence of dexmedetomidine on respiratory rate has not been fully clarified. A recent review analyzes how some studies report a decrease in respiratory rate, while others report the absence of respiratory changes when dexmedetomidine was administered intramuscularly [22]. A more gradual and gentle awakening in the groups that received dexmedetomidine could, however, explain the absence of an increase in respiratory rate in D1 and D0.5 group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Quality of Recovery from General Anesthesia in Dogs with Two Different Low Doses of Dexmedetomidine

Di Franco,

Nocera,

Melanie

et al. 2024

Animals

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of recovery from general anesthesia with the administration of two low doses of dexmedetomidine in canine patients. For this blind randomized clinical trial study, 30 dogs undergoing general anesthesia for diagnostic procedures or elective surgery (ovariectomy/castration) were included. The patients were randomly divided into three groups, and at the end of anesthesia, they received a bolus of dexmedetomidine at 1 mcg/kg IV (D1), or a bolus of dexmedetomidine at 0.5 mcg/kg (D0.5), or a bolus of NaCl, in a total of 0.5 mL of solution for all three groups. After administration of the bolus, the anesthetist monitored the patients every 5 min by measuring heart rate, systolic and mean blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation. The quality of recovery was also assessed using 4 different scales. The extubation time, time of headlift, and standing position were also recorded. Both groups receiving dexmedetomidine had better awakening and a lower incidence of delirium when compared to saline administration. The heart rate was lower, while the systolic pressure was higher in the two groups D1 and D0.5 compared to the NaCl with a low presence of atrioventricular blocks. The extubation time resulted significantly higher in the D1 (17 ± 6 min) compared to the D0.5 (10 ± 4 min) and NaCl (8 ± 3 min) (p < 0.0001); the headlift time D1 (25 ± 10 min) resulted significantly longer than the NaCl group (11 ± 5 min) (p = 0.0023) but not than the D0.5 (18 ± 9 min). No significant differences were found among the three groups for standing positioning (D1 50 ± 18 min, D0.5 39 ± 22 min, NaCl 28 ± 17 min). The preventive administration of a bolus of dexmedetomidine at a dosage of 0.5 mcg/kg or 1 mcg/kg IV during the recovery phase improves the quality of recovery in patients undergoing general anesthesia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Quality of Recovery from General Anesthesia in Dogs with Two Different Low Doses of Dexmedetomidine

Di Franco,

Nocera,

Melanie

et al. 2024

Animals

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Effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on the analgesic duration of peripheral nerve blocks in dogs: a randomized clinical study

Franco,

Batisti,

Boysen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a continuous rate infusion (CRI) of dexmedetomidine could prolong the analgesic effect of peripheral nerve blocks. Twenty client-owned dogs were enrolled and randomly divided into 2 groups. The DEX group received dexmedetomidine infusion at 1 mcg kg-1 h-1, and the NaCl group received an equivalent volume infusion of saline. Sciatic, saphenous and obturator nerve blocks were performed using 0.1 mL kg-1 0.5% ropivacaine/block. Intraoperative fentanyl was administered if the heart rate and/or mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased >15% from the previous measurement, and vasopressors were administered if the MAP was ≤ 70 mmHg. Postoperative pain was assessed every hour using the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (GCPS). Postoperative rescue analgesia consisted of methadone (0.2 mg kg-1 IV) and carprofen (2 mg kg-1 IV). A greater number of dogs in the NaCl group required fentanyl (5/10 p= 0.03) and vasopressors (8/10, p=0.02) than did those in the DEX group (0/10 and 2/10, respectively). The duration of postoperative analgesia was significantly longer (604 ± 130 minutes) in the DEX group than in the NaCl group (400 ± 81 minutes, p=0.0005). Dexmedetomidine infusion at 1 mcg kg-1 h-1 reduces intraoperative analgesic and vasopressor requirements during orthopedic surgery and prolongs the postoperative analgesic effect of nerve blocks.

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Multiple uses of dexmedetomidine in small animals: a mini review

Cited by 2 publications

References 87 publications

Evaluation of the Quality of Recovery from General Anesthesia in Dogs with Two Different Low Doses of Dexmedetomidine

Evaluation of the Quality of Recovery from General Anesthesia in Dogs with Two Different Low Doses of Dexmedetomidine

Effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on the analgesic duration of peripheral nerve blocks in dogs: a randomized clinical study

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