Multiple types of child maltreatment and adolescent mental health in Viet Nam

Abstract

The combined influence of adverse individual and family background factors and of child maltreatment upon mental health in adolescents in Viet Nam is consistent with research in non-Asian countries. Emotional abuse was strongly associated with each health indicator. In Asian communities where child abuse is often construed as severe physical violence, it is important to emphasize the equally pernicious effects of emotional maltreatment.

Risk factors associated with mental health issues in adolescents: a integrative review

“…Low self-esteem, lower wish to live, depression and anxiety (14)(15)19,(22)(23)(24)(33)(34)38,48,62) Attention-defict hyperactivity disorder, oppositional/conduct disorder somatic complaints (11)(12)(13)23,25,59,62) . Self-aggression or suicide attempt; suicidal ideation (10,(13)(14)25,56) Sadness/loneliness feelings (10,34,58) Insomnia, fatigue, forgetfulness, irritability, difficulty concentrating and feelings of worthlessness (11)(12) Internalizing and externalizing behaviors (23,25) Aggression/ high levels of anger/interpersonal problems (27) Neurotic disorders (28) Abdominal obesity/ self-image (35) Need to feel pleasure (37) 43.4…”

“…Domestic violence with physical punishment experience (23)(24)31,56) Difficulties with family relationships (parents and siblings) (13,31,61) Parents and friends influence to use drugs (14,56) Low emotional support at home during childhood (15,60) Alcohol abusive parents (47,54) Parents divorce 0, 19)to de tristeza; átricos. (19) Family financial problems (38) Parents with low well-being levels (52) Bad experience of family communication (52) Parents that live with or died of HIV/Aids (60) 26.4…”

“…Low performance or school drop-out (15,17,36,38,48) Bdo abandonoenho escolar.gais); ullying (18,36) Discrimination and racism experience that led to major emotional suffering (19,49) To belong to social-economic class D or E (12) University application processes as a stressful event (Vestibular) (30) Social pressure from partners and academic life (37) 22.6…”

Exposição de adolescentes à violência em diferentes contextos: relações com a saúde mental

“…Os estudos variaram quanto ao tipo de violência investigada, considerando os diversos contextos de ocorrência da violência -família, (Haber & Toro, 2009), extrafamiliar (Benetti et al, 2010;Epstein-Ngo, Maurizi, Bregman, & Ceballo, 2013;Lambert, Cammack, Boyd, & Ialongo, 2012), e ambos (Jenkins, Turner, & Wang, 2009;Nguyen, Dunne, & Vu Le, 2010), passando pela exposição à cyber violência ou violência tecnológica (Wigderson & Lynch, 2013) até a violên-cia autodirigida (contra si mesmo) e contra os outros (Cano et al, 2009). Cabe ressaltar que, embora todos os estudos apontem para uma direção mais específi ca pela qual investiga a exposição à violência, a maioria deles destaca o complexo interjogo entre a(s) violência(s) dos vários contextos e como a exposição em um contexto torna o adolescente vulnerável à exposição em outros contextos.…”

“…No que diz respeito às formas de violência, as investigações centraram-se na exposição direta, quando o adolescente é a própria vítima da violência (Nguyen et al, 2010;Wigderson & Lynch, 2013), mas também na exposição à violência de forma indireta, quando o adolescente testemunha a violência nos vários contextos (Bach & Louw, 2010;Copeland-Linder, Lambert, & Ialongo, 2010;Epstein-Ngo et al, 2013;Jenkins et al, 2009;Voisin & Neilands, 2010;Zinzow et al, 2009). Ainda houve pesquisas que tiveram por objetivo investigar exposição a eventos traumáticos, eventos estressores e experiências de guerra (Al-Krenawi, Graham, & Kanat-Maymon, 2009;Betancourt, Agnew-Blais, et al, 2010;Betancourt, Brennan, et al, 2010;Eggerman & Panter-Brick, 2010;Hasanović et al, 2009;Rheingold, Zinzow, Hawkins, Saunders, & Kilpatrick, 2012).…”