Multiple transmit antennas for low PAPR spatial modulation in SC-FDMA: single vs. multiple streams

Abstract

The main reason for the selection of single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) modulation technique in mobile high data rate communications lays in its low value of peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). If spatial modulation, a multiple-input multiple-output technique that achieves bitrate increase, is applied to the SC-FDMA system in its conventional form, the PAPR level is increased. Hence, based on previously mentioned, in this paper, we provide the general design criteria for low PAPR spatial modulation (LPSM) implemented in SC-FDMA systems with multiple transmit antennas. The straightforward generalization of LPSM is derived and it is shown that it requires the number of transmit antennas to be doubled in order to add another bit in the spatial component. Based on that, the alternative generalized technique with higher number of spatial bits is proposed. As these techniques present single-stream generalizations, the approach with multiple-streams is proposed as well. After PAPR and performance comparisons, it is concluded that single-stream techniques outperform multiple-stream techniques in the cases of low overall data rate, whereas multiple-stream approach is better in high overall data rate scenarios. All proposed techniques maintain low PAPR level on all transmit antennas.

Secure spatial modulation based on two-dimensional generalized weighted fractional Fourier transform encryption

“…SM can be applied to alleviate this issue. By choosing different activation patterns at the transmitter, various SM members provide a flexible design to meet different specific requirements and trade-offs among spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, deployment cost, and system performance [34,35]. We define the spectral efficiency (SE) as where W represents the bandwidth and the energy efficiency (EE) is given by where ω represents the energy consumption of a transmitting symbol and N F represents the number of RF chains.…”

A Multi-level Compression Scheme for Peak to Average Power Ratio Mitigation in SC-FDMA Communication System

“…of the PAPR reduction accomplishment achieved by SC-FDMA system, the research has not been halted keeping more PAPR mitigation in that system. There is a variety in the techniques which have been studied to deal with PAPR problem in SC-FDMA [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Among them, partial transmit sequence [4], pulse shaping [5], constellation extension [6], and selective mapping [7] were proposed.…”

Secure Spatial Modulation Based on Two-demisonal Generalized Weighted Fractional Fourier Transform Encryption

“…SM can be applied to alleviate this issue. By choosing different activation patterns at the transmitter, various SM members provide a flexible design to meet different specific requirements and trade-offs among spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, deployment cost, and system performance [33,34]. We define the spectral efficiency (SE) as…”