Multiple sources and sinks of dissolved inorganic carbon across Swedish streams, refocusing the lens of stable C isotopes

Campeau, Audrey; Wallin, Marcus B.; Giesler, Reiner; Löfgren, Stefan; Mörth, Carl‐Magnus; Schiff, Sherry L.; Venkiteswaran, Jason J.; Bishop, Kevin

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09049-9

Cited by 110 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…This fraction of the DIC is largely geogenic, which basically reflects regional geology, and since there is only a weak relation between regional geology and the major ecoregions in terms of NPP and climate, this may indicate that much of the gaseous form of DIC (CO 2 ) is biogenic in origin. The use of δ 13 C isotopes would help discriminate these sources, for example, Campeau, Wallin, et al () showed that DIC in Swedish streams was mainly biogenic in origin using δ 13 C‐DIC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐Scale Landscape Drivers of CO₂, CH₄, DOC, and DIC in Boreal River Networks

Hutchins

Prairie

Giorgio

2019

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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The boreal biome is characterized by extremely dense and complex fluvial networks that are closely coupled to land. Reconstructing the role that these fluvial networks play in regional carbon (C) budgets requires identifying landscape and environmental drivers of riverine C that operate at the whole network scale and that can be applied across landscapes. Here we explore drivers of CO2, CH4, and dissolved organic (DOC) and inorganic C (DIC) across 190 streams and rivers spanning 8 Strahler orders over an area of 500,000 km2 of heterogeneous boreal landscape in Québec, focusing on those drivers that can be readily obtained from remote sensing data. Each C species (except DIC) could be modeled as a function of a proximal network‐scale property, such as flow distance or elevation, but adding regional structure to these models greatly improved predictions. These modeled regional effects were similar for DOC, CO2, and CH4 and were strongly related to average regional soil organic content and especially to NPP, the latter integrating regional differences in climate and other environmental factors. These results suggest that there may be regional C baselines determined by a combination of landscape and climate features, which simultaneously influence the average CO2, DOC, and CH4 within fluvial networks, albeit through different underlying mechanisms and with varying degrees of influence on each C species. The latter two C species appear to be more sensitive to regional differences in soil, NPP, and climate than CO2 or DIC, and therefore more likely to shift under future scenarios of change in northern landscapes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐Scale Landscape Drivers of CO₂, CH₄, DOC, and DIC in Boreal River Networks

Hutchins

Prairie

Giorgio

2019

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Results from this study show that ambient δ 13 C‐DIC was universally enriched relative to respiratory δ 13 C‐DIC (Figure a). This suggests that either the initial pore or rainwater DIC was enriched or it started as the depleted product of soil respiration and became fractionated during downstream transport (Campeau et al, ). We suggest that CO 2 off‐gassing may have fractionated the DIC pool, since DIC concentrations significantly decreased downstream (Figure a), while ambient δ 13 C‐DIC became more enriched (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ephemeral Signature of Permafrost Carbon in an Arctic Fluvial Network

et al. 2018

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Arctic fluvial networks process, outgas, and transport significant quantities of terrestrial organic carbon (C), particularly dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The proportion of permafrost C in these fluxes, however, is poorly constrained. A primary obstacle to the quantification of permafrost‐derived DOC is that it is rapidly respired without leaving a unique tracer of its presence. In this study, we investigated the production of bacterial respiratory carbon dioxide (CO2; measured as dissolved inorganic carbon; DIC) during maximum late‐summer thaw in sites spanning a fluvial network (Kolyma Basin, Siberia) to assess whether the biodegradation of permafrost DOC could be detected by the presence of a persistent aged (14C‐depleted) signature on the DIC pool. Using Keeling plot interpretation of DIC produced in bioincubations of river water, we show that bacteria respire varying sources of DOC moving downstream through the fluvial network. Respiration of permafrost (production of aged CO2) was only detected in heavily permafrost thaw influenced sites. In nonpermafrost thaw impacted sites, ambient DIC was modern (14C‐enriched), but rather than precluding the respiration of permafrost OC upstream, we suggest that 14C‐depleted DIC is overwhelmed by modern DIC. Investigation of dissolved organic matter composition via Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry highlighted that elevated levels of aliphatic and nitrogen‐containing compounds were associated with the production of aged DIC, providing molecular‐level insight as to why permafrost‐derived dissolved organic matter is rapidly respired. Overall, results from this study demonstrate the difficulty of tracing inputs of a highly reactive substrate to systems with diverse organic matter sources.

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“…However, this application can be complicated by the presence of additional biogeochemical transformations influencing the observed δ 13 C‐DIC values. The influence of CO 2 evasion on δ 13 C‐DIC values has been documented in soils (Amundson et al, ; Cerling et al, ; Davidson, ), larger river systems (Giesler et al, ; Hélie et al, ; Voss et al, ), and headwater streams (Amiotte‐Suchet et al, ; Doctor et al, ; van Geldern et al, ), but it is likely that the patterns in δ 13 C‐DIC values simultaneously reflect a larger range of sources and processes (Campeau, Wallin, et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Carbon Isotopes Reveal Soil‐Stream DIC Linkages in Contrasting Headwater Catchments

et al. 2018

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Large CO2 evasion to the atmosphere occurs as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is transported from soils to streams. While this physical process has been the focus of multiple studies, less is known about the underlying biogeochemical transformations that accompany this transfer of C from soils to streams. Here we used patterns in stream water and groundwater δ13C‐DIC values within three headwater catchments with contrasting land cover to identify the sources and processes regulating DIC during its transport. We found that although considerable CO2 evasion occurs as DIC is transported from soils to streams, there were also other processes affecting the DIC pool. Methane production and mixing of C sources, associated with different types and spatial distribution of peat‐rich areas within each catchment, had a significant influence on the δ13C‐DIC values in both soils and streams. These processes represent an additional control on δ13C‐DIC values and the catchment‐scale cycling of DIC across different northern landscape types. The results from this study demonstrate that the transport of DIC from soils to streams results in more than just rapid CO2 evasion to the atmosphere but also represents a channel of C transformation, which questions some of our current conceptualizations of C cycling at the landscape scale.

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Multiple sources and sinks of dissolved inorganic carbon across Swedish streams, refocusing the lens of stable C isotopes

Cited by 110 publications

References 77 publications

Large‐Scale Landscape Drivers of CO₂, CH₄, DOC, and DIC in Boreal River Networks

Large‐Scale Landscape Drivers of CO₂, CH₄, DOC, and DIC in Boreal River Networks

The Ephemeral Signature of Permafrost Carbon in an Arctic Fluvial Network

Stable Carbon Isotopes Reveal Soil‐Stream DIC Linkages in Contrasting Headwater Catchments

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Multiple sources and sinks of dissolved inorganic carbon across Swedish streams, refocusing the lens of stable C isotopes

Cited by 110 publications

References 77 publications

Large‐Scale Landscape Drivers of CO2, CH4, DOC, and DIC in Boreal River Networks

Large‐Scale Landscape Drivers of CO2, CH4, DOC, and DIC in Boreal River Networks

The Ephemeral Signature of Permafrost Carbon in an Arctic Fluvial Network

Stable Carbon Isotopes Reveal Soil‐Stream DIC Linkages in Contrasting Headwater Catchments

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Product

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Large‐Scale Landscape Drivers of CO₂, CH₄, DOC, and DIC in Boreal River Networks

Large‐Scale Landscape Drivers of CO₂, CH₄, DOC, and DIC in Boreal River Networks