Multiple small volume microwave-assisted digestions using conventional equipment for multielemental analysis of human breast biopsies by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Use of Underarm Cosmetic Products in Relation to Risk of Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study

“…So far, there exist six studies that measured aluminum concentration in breast cancer patients comparing concentrations between benign and malign breast tissues (Exley et al, 2007, House et al, 2013, Millos et al, 2009, Ng et al, 1997, Pasha et al, 2008, Rodrigues-Peres et al, 2013). These studies differed considerably regarding the amount of aluminum found in breast tissue likely because of discrepancies in measurement techniques.…”

Comparative study on open system digestion and microwave assisted digestion methods for metal determination in shrimp sludge compost

“…The first application of microwaves for sample preparation was reported in 1975 [27]. Since that time many microwave assisted dissolution methods have been developed to include a variety of sample matrices such as soil [28], fish [29], sediments [30], sludge [31][32][33][34] and biological and environmental samples [20,35]. Microwave digestion procedures are classified according to their operational modes; open vessel microwave assisted digestion, which is more prone to sample contamination, and susceptible to losses of volatile metals and closed (pressurised) vessel procedures, which are rapid and efficient digestion techniques.…”

Low volume microwave digestion and direct determination of selenium in biological samples by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry

“…In 2000, Rodushkin and colleagues determined 60 elements in whole human blood sample by ICP-MS after a LVMWD with only one mL of sample [16]. In the recent years, several groups have reported multi-elemental determination of human biopsies based on LVMWD technique [17][18][19][20]. All these studies were performed with ICP-OES (optical emission spectrometry) [20], ICP-MS [18,19] or both ICP-MS and TXRF (total reflection X-ray fluorescence) spectrometry [17].…”

“…In the recent years, several groups have reported multi-elemental determination of human biopsies based on LVMWD technique [17][18][19][20]. All these studies were performed with ICP-OES (optical emission spectrometry) [20], ICP-MS [18,19] or both ICP-MS and TXRF (total reflection X-ray fluorescence) spectrometry [17]. With these techniques, samples do not require a complete digestion, as organic colloids are readily transformed after digestion into elemental forms in the high temperature flame, graphite tube and plasma torch before being determined spectrometrically.…”