Multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran: an update

Etemadifar, Masoud; Abtahi, Seyed‐Hossein; Akbari, Mojtaba; Murray, R.; Ramagopalan, Sreeram; Fereidan-Esfahani, Mahboobeh

doi:10.1177/1352458513516531

Cited by 51 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Isfahan is one of the highest MS reported rate areas in Oceania and Asia (5,(29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Regarding the possible role of IL-33 in MS progression, we assessed IL-33 plasma levels in MS patients in comparison with healthy subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-33 plasma levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Alsahebfosoul

Rahimmanesh

Shajarian

et al. 2017

Biomolecular Concepts

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Cytokines are implicated in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Interleukin (IL)-33, one of the recently discovered members of the IL-1 superfamily, is a dual functional cytokine involved in various autoimmune disorders. In a case-control study, venous blood was collected from healthy subjects categorized as control group (n = 44) and MS patients (n = 44). All recruited patients were clinically diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), including patients without treatment (new identified cases, n = 16) and those treated with interferon beta (IFN-β) (n = 28). The plasma levels of IL-33 in subjects were measured with ELISA. Significantly elevated IL-33 plasma levels were observed in RRMS patients (p = 0.005). Furthermore, IFN-β-treated MS patients had lower levels of IL-33 compared to the untreated patients (p < 0.001). Increased IL-33 plasma levels in the patient group might be associated with development of MS. These results could contribute to our better understanding about the role of IL-33 in the immunopathogenesis of MS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-33 plasma levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Alsahebfosoul

Rahimmanesh

Shajarian

et al. 2017

Biomolecular Concepts

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“…A study by Etemadifar et al in Isfahan revealed that a rate of incidence of MS in Isfahan has increased from 9.1 per 100,000 in 2009 to 9.22 in 100,000 in 2011 (9). In the study by Moghtaderi et al conducted in the Southeast of Iran, the incidence rate of MS was 2.4 times in women and 2.7 times in men in 2009 as compared with that in 2006 (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Diabetes Type 1 in Patients Suffered From Multiple Sclerosis

Dayer

Abdollahzadeh

Nadery

et al. 2016

Jentashapir J Health Res

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Background: Because IL2RA is considered a predisposing factor in the incidence of both type I diabetes and multiple sclerosis (MS), and considering that both are autoimmune diseases, some studies suggest a correlation between type I diabetes and MS. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of type I diabetes among people with MS. Patients and Methods: The study subjects comprised 100 patients with MS from the Khuzestan multiple sclerosis center at rehabilitation school of Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, whose diagnosis of MS had been confirmed by a specialist, and were not being treated with steroids. Subjects were selected from patients younger than 30 years old. After filling out an application form, 5 mL fasting venous blood and 5 mL after 2 hours were taken. The blood glucose level was measured with a kit (Zist Shimi) using the enzymatic method. Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.28 years. The rate of type I diabetes was equal to 4% of the total sample, while 18% of all patients had impaired fasting glucose. Conclusions: Given the high level of impaired fasting glucose among patients in this study, it is likely that MS provides the basis for the incidence of glucose metabolism disorders. To prove this, further studies with larger sample sizes are required.

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“…The substantial rise in MS prevalence and changing in the epidemiological pattern of MS have been shown in several population-based studies [1].…”

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confidence: 93%

“…The substantial rise in MS prevalence and changing in the epidemiological pattern of MS have been shown in several population-based studies [1].To date, in the literature, there have been a number of studies regarding the effects of Melatonin on MS course and pathogenesis; herein, we wish to bring a concise outline on such evidences to the readership.Melatonin is mainly produced by pineal gland in dark phase and metabolized to principal metabolite 6-hydroxy-melatonin in the liver. Although, melatonin secretion has a constant rhythmic amplitude in each individual, significant differences has been shown among the general population [2].…”

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confidence: 98%

Melatonin and Multiple Sclerosis: An Outline on Current Evidences

Nourian¹

2013

J Neurol Neurophysiol

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex demyelinating disorder resulting from multiplicity genetic and environmental risk factors. The substantial rise in MS prevalence and changing in the epidemiological pattern of MS have been shown in several population-based studies [1].To date, in the literature, there have been a number of studies regarding the effects of Melatonin on MS course and pathogenesis; herein, we wish to bring a concise outline on such evidences to the readership.Melatonin is mainly produced by pineal gland in dark phase and metabolized to principal metabolite 6-hydroxy-melatonin in the liver. Although, melatonin secretion has a constant rhythmic amplitude in each individual, significant differences has been shown among the general population [2].Varied factors such as, high oxygen utilization; high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids; low concentrations of cytosolic antioxidants; and, existence of transition metals such as iron involved in the generation of hydroxyl radicals make the brain susceptible to radical damage [3]. On one hand, some theories for the role of oxidative stress, autoimmunity and inflammatory process have been proposed in the pathogenesis of MS lesions. On the other hand, the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antioxidative effects of melatonin have been previously well established [4]; theoretically, these protective effects could play an important role in MS pathogenesis, course and complications such as fatigue [5].Some previous studies showed that the level of melatonin or its metabolites decreases in MS patients compared with normal controls and inversely might be correlated with MS disease activity [6,7]. Such findings could have been explained by the anti-inflammatory property of melatonin.Complications such as sleep restriction and depression are common in MS. Melatonin secretion is directly affected by environmental stimuli such as light and in turn, regulates the sleep circle in humans. A recent study showed significant decrease in melatonin levels among patients with sleep restriction [6]. Relatively, increased risk of MS has also been shown in young patients with shift work [8]. Moreover, one of the routine treatments of MS patients i.e. Interferon-beta may result in increased level of serum melatonin, though, this medication was not shown to improve the sleep efficacy. Such results might have been due to other factors along with melatonin which could play a role in sleep disturbances; e.g. urinary complications; spasticity and muscle cramps; fatigue; depression; disease activity; and, location of CNS lesions.In some reports, depression --another common complication of MS --has been associated with low nighttime level of serum melatonin [9]; a finding which can be speculatively explained by melatonin dysregulation in MS. However, some other studies [10,11] do not support such a linkage; this could be due to other confounding factors e.g. antidepressant agents, beta blockers or hormonal drugs, as well as age, light exposure and season.Impressive geograp...

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Multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran: an update

Abstract: Table 1. Crude and standardized prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Isfahan in 2013, based on new World Health Organization (WHO) world standard population. a Male Female All Stratum (age-group) Population

Cited by 51 publications

References 5 publications

Interleukin-33 plasma levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Interleukin-33 plasma levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Prevalence of Diabetes Type 1 in Patients Suffered From Multiple Sclerosis

Melatonin and Multiple Sclerosis: An Outline on Current Evidences

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