Multiple sclerosis and COVID-19 as two triggers of conjunctivitis: a case report

Abstract

Introduction:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, first identified in 2019, can present with atypical clinical features such as conjunctivitis. Furthermore, multiple sclerosis, the most common demyelinating disease, can present with ocular manifestations. Studies and reports regarding this issue still need to be included. Case description:This article presented a rare case of eye redness and conjunctivitis in a COVID-19 patient with a previous history of multiple sclerosis. Symptoms occurred while the patient was complaining of pulmonary symptoms. Severe conjunctivitis was noticed during the physical examination. Levels of liver enzymes and inflammatory biomarkers were mild, and D-dimer levels were extremely elevated. The patient was hospitalized for five days and was prescribed empirical antibiotics and steroids, which showed improvement. Although COVID-19 with conjunctival symptoms is mostly self-limiting, interventions are based on the patient's disease course. What was noticeable in this case is the concurrency of multiple sclerosis and COVID-19, which would be a significant trigger for conjunctivitis and hospitalization. Conclusion:COVID-19 and multiple sclerosis could be risk factors for conjunctivitis, exacerbation of ocular symptoms, and higher hospitalization rates. Furthermore, conjunctivitis could be the sole clinical presentation of COVID-19, and it is primarily self-limiting and resolves within a few days. Therefore, close observation and monitoring should be taken by medical staff.