Multiple Roles of the Polycistronic Gene Tarsal-less/Mille-Pattes/Polished-Rice During Embryogenesis of the Kissing Bug Rhodnius prolixus

Tobias-Santos, Vitória; Guerra-Almeida, Diego; Mury, Flávia Borges; Ribeiro, Lupis; Berni, Mateus; Araújo, Helena Marcolla; Logullo, Carlos; Feitosa, Natália Martins; Souza-Menezes, Jackson; Costa, Evenilton Pessoa; Fonseca, Rodrigo Nunes da

doi:10.3389/fevo.2019.00379

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…4368814), following manufacturer’s instructions. Primers sequences of the constitutive gene Rp-eEF-1, Rp-mlpt and Rp-EcR have been previously described [17, 25]. The Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) cDNA sequence was used as a template for the synthesis of an unrelated dsRNA using the following primers Fwd.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mille-pattes (mlpt) was the first polycistronic gene containing smORFs identified in the beetle Tribolium castaneum [14]. mlpt and its homologs polished rice (pri) or tarsalless(tal) play major roles during the embryogenesis of beetles, fruit flies, wasps and bugs [15-17]. An important role of mlpt/pri/tal in the differentiation of epithelia such as trichomes, gut precursors and tarsus was also described [16, 18, 19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanistically, the conserved peptides of 10-13 amino acids encoded by the smORFs in the mlpt gene are involved in the control of N-terminal processing of the Shavenbaby transcription factor [19-22]. Recently, multiple roles of the single ortholog of mlpt in R. prolixus during embryogenesis and the emergence of a new hemiptera-specific peptide were described [17], although other functions of this gene in the kissing remain unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The smORF-containing genemille-pattesis required for moulting andTrypanosoma cruzimetacyclogenesis in the Chagas disease vectorRhodnius prolixus

Azevedo

Rodrigues

Alves

et al. 2020

Preprint

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SummaryChagas disease is estimated to affect 8 million people worldwide and is responsible for approximately 10,000 deaths in Latin America every year [1]. Control of the triatomine bugs that transmit the flagellated parasite Trypanosoma cruzi has been the most successful strategy to avoid disease spread. Genes containing small open reading frames (smORFs, < 100 amino acids) constitute a putative reservoir of new vector control targets, since hundreds of these genes are present in insect genomes [2]. Here, we show that the prototypic smORF-containing gene mille-pattes/polished-rice/tarsalless (mlpt/pri/tal) [3-6] is essential for postembryonic development of the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus and for T. cruzi metacyclogenesis during the nymphal stages. Injection of double-stranded RNA against mlpt (Rp-dsmlpt) during the nymphal stages leads to a plethora of phenotypes, which impair postembryonic development. First, fourth or fifth stage nymphs injected with Rp-dsmlpt do not moult even in the presence of the ecdysone receptor (EcR) mRNA. Second, Rp-dsmlpt nymphs have defects in gut morphology, delayed haemoglobin digestion, and decreased defecation volume compared with those of the control nymphs. Third, Rp-mlpt knockdown inhibits T. cruzi differentiation to the trypomastigote infective stage (metacyclogenesis) inside the R. prolixus gut. Overall, our study is the first to provide evidence that a smORF-containing gene regulates vector physiology and parasitic cycle thus enabling the development of novel molecular strategies to eliminate Chagas disease transmission.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The smORF-containing genemille-pattesis required for moulting andTrypanosoma cruzimetacyclogenesis in the Chagas disease vectorRhodnius prolixus

Azevedo

Rodrigues

Alves

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“… 65 , 112 Pri / mlpt / tal is a well-known smORF gene, and its characterization has strongly contributed to the acceptance of smORFs as new developmental players in animals. 22 Mutations and knockdown of pri / mlpt / tal promote lethal embryonic phenotypes that differ between species and among biological processes, such as the modification of epidermal structures, 106 , 114 changes in the number of locomotor appendages 65 , 115 , 116 and tarsal deformations. 75 , 117 The main mechanism of action of pri / mlpt / tal smORF peptides is to trigger the truncation of the transcription factor Ovo/Shavenbaby N-terminus, thereby converting it from a repressor to an activator.…”

Section: Smorfs As Reference Cdssmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Hemiptera order (bedbugs and aphids), our group identified a new smORF within the polycistronic gene pri/mlpt/tal , named smHemiptera. 116 SmHemiptera consists of ∼80 codons in Rhodnius prolixus and exhibits a GHR(Y/N)WMTHLPLSRP region shared among all derived hemipterans whose pri / mlpt / tal sequence is available. 116 In addition, smHemiptera contains two large introns, 116 which is an uncommon pattern in genes encoding small proteins.…”

Section: Smorfs As Reference Cdssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding small ORF diversity through a comprehensive transcription feature classification

2021

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Small open reading frames (small ORFs/sORFs/smORFs) are potentially coding sequences smaller than 100 codons that have historically been considered junk DNA by gene prediction software and in annotation screening; however, the advent of next-generation sequencing has contributed to the deeper investigation of junk DNA regions and their transcription products, resulting in the emergence of smORFs as a new focus of interest in systems biology. Several smORF peptides were recently reported in noncanonical mRNAs as new players in numerous biological contexts; however, their relevance is still overlooked in coding potential analysis. Hence, this review proposes a smORF classification based on transcriptional features, discussing the most promising approaches to investigate smORFs based on their different characteristics. First, smORFs were divided into nonexpressed (intergenic) and expressed (genic) smORFs. Second, genic smORFs were classified as smORFs located in noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) or canonical mRNAs. Finally, smORFs in ncRNAs were further subdivided into sequences located in small or long RNAs, whereas smORFs located in canonical mRNAs were subdivided into several specific classes depending on their localization along the gene. We hope that this review provides new insights into large-scale annotations and reinforces the role of smORFs as essential components of a hidden coding DNA world.

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A complex gene regulatory architecture underlies the development and evolution of cuticle morphology in Drosophila

Kittelmann

Noon

McGregor

et al. 2021

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development

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Multiple Roles of the Polycistronic Gene Tarsal-less/Mille-Pattes/Polished-Rice During Embryogenesis of the Kissing Bug Rhodnius prolixus

Cited by 6 publications

References 80 publications

The smORF-containing genemille-pattesis required for moulting andTrypanosoma cruzimetacyclogenesis in the Chagas disease vectorRhodnius prolixus

The smORF-containing genemille-pattesis required for moulting andTrypanosoma cruzimetacyclogenesis in the Chagas disease vectorRhodnius prolixus

Understanding small ORF diversity through a comprehensive transcription feature classification

A complex gene regulatory architecture underlies the development and evolution of cuticle morphology in Drosophila

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