Multiple primary cancers in urologic patients Audit of 19-year experience in Berlin and review of the literature

Neuroendocrine breast carcinoma metastatic to renal cell carcinoma and ipsilateral adrenal gland

“…About 19% of these tumors appeared synchronously [1]. Other primary malignant tumors most often associated with RCC are bladder, prostate, colorectal and lung cancer [1,10,12,20]. Breast cancer is also one of the tumors known to coexist with RCC [1,11].…”

Involvement of the Urogenital Tract in Patients with Five or More Separate Malignant Neoplasms

“…Conflicting reports suggested an increased risk for cancer patients, due to hormonal, environmental, iatrogenic or genetic predisposing factors, as well as a decreased risk, due to an induction of anticancer immunity by the first neoplasms [3, 23]. …”

Double Resection for Patients with Pancreatic Cancer and a Second Primary Renal Cell Cancer

“…There were also 6 cases (0.14%) of pancreatic cancer but there was no significant association (relative risk = 1.0) [19]. In a series of 4,353 patients with urological malignancies (including 572 with kidney cancer) from the University of Berlin during the period 1969–1988 there were 3 cases of primary pancreatic cancer but no specified association between renal cell cancer and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [16]. In a series from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York comprising 763 patients who underwent surgery for renal cell cancer during 1989–1999, there was a significantly increased incidence of prostate, colorectal and bladder cancers and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, but not pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (3 cases) [20].…”

“…Complimenting this approach is the study of pancreatic cancer associated with cancer types that do not follow a typical pattern of inheritance. Associated cancers include those of the stomach, colon and thyroid and genitourinary malignancies notably of the prostate [12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]. Reports of synchronous or metachronous cancers of the pancreas and kidney are very rare and poorly documented [13, 18, 19, 20].…”