Multiple phases of carbon cycle disturbance from large igneous province formation at the Triassic-Jurassic transition

Ruhl, Micha; Kürschner, Wolfram M.

doi:10.1130/g31680.1

Cited by 108 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It is similarly difficult to determine how these features relate in time to records from other localities. Small peaks in δ 13 C org (1–2‰) occur in the Upper Triassic of Austria [ Kürschner et al , 2007], St Audries Bay, UK [ Hesselbo et al , 2002], and the Argana Basin in Morocco [ Deenen et al , 2010], and have been interpreted as global carbon cycle perturbations resulting from early volatile release events from the CAMP [ Ruhl and Kürschner , 2011]. The lack of similarity, however, in the δ 13 C variability that occurs in the Zu limestone within the Lombardy Basin, suggests that the small peaks in the Triassic of the Lombardy Basin are probably local features or, if global in origin, were locally poorly recorded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon cycle dynamics following the end‐Triassic mass extinction: Constraints from paired δ¹³C_carb and δ¹³C_org records

Bachan

Schootbrugge

Fiebig

et al. 2012

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Constraining the carbon isotopic changes associated with the end-Triassic mass extinction is key to understanding the causes of the extinction and dynamics of recovery from it. Yet the pattern and timing of d 13 C variation surrounding the extinction remain poorly constrained. Here we present close to 1000 new d 13 C measurements from six newly sampled sections in Italy. We observe a sharp negative excursion in d 13 C carb coincident with the disappearance of the Triassic fauna, and two positive excursions above it. The negative d 13 C carb excursion in these sections does not occur in d 13 C org suggesting a possible diagenetic origin. In contrast, the interval of elevated d 13 C occurs in both carbonate and organic carbon, suggesting that it is likely to be a primary feature. The positive excursions in the Lombardy Basin (southern Alps) and Mt. Cefalo (southern Apennines) appear to be time correlative on the basis of their position above the disappearance of characteristically Triassic biota. However, it is less certain that they are time correlative with positive excursions in other sections worldwide, as few options exist that honor both bio-and chemostratigraphy. Nonetheless, similarity to other events that are interpreted as global, as well as carbon cycle considerations, suggest that the isotopic enrichment is best interpreted to reflect a shift in the isotope composition of the global surface carbon reservoir. Our data indicate that perturbation of the global carbon cycle was not confined to the immediate vicinity of the extinction interval, but rather persisted for substantial length of geologic time afterwards.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon cycle dynamics following the end‐Triassic mass extinction: Constraints from paired δ¹³C_carb and δ¹³C_org records

Bachan

Schootbrugge

Fiebig

et al. 2012

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The ETME is closely linked in time to the onset of basaltic volcanism of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) (Pálfy, 2003;Ruhl and Kürschner, 2011). Protoatlantic rifting was initiated on the continents, and is manifested later through enhanced mid-ocean ridge activity.…”

Section: Early and Middle Jurassic Sr Cycle Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic forcing of Early to Middle Jurassic seawater Sr/Ca

Ullmann

Hesselbo

Korte

2013

Geology

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“…). Both methane release and volcanic activity have also been implicated in the end‐Triassic mass‐extinction event (Ruhl and Kürschner ; Ruhl et al . ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbes, mud and methane: cause and consequence of recurrent Early Jurassic anoxia following the end‐Triassic mass extinction

et al. 2013

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The end-Triassic mass extinction (c. 201.6 Ma) was one of the five largest mass-extinction events in the history of animal life. It was also associated with a dramatic, long-lasting change in sedimentation style along the margins of the Tethys Ocean, from generally organic-matter-poor sediments during the Triassic to generally organic-matterrich black shales during the Jurassic. New core material from Germany provides biomarker evidence of persistent photiczone euxinia during the Hettangian, the onset of which is associated with a series of both negative and positive carbon isotope excursions. Combined inorganic and organic geochemical and micropalaeontological analyses reveal strong similarities between the Hettangian and the better-known Toarcian anoxic event. These events appear to be the most clearly expressed events within a series of anoxic episodes that also include poorly studied black shale intervals during the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian. Both the Hettangian and Toarcian events are marked by important changes in phytoplankton assemblages from chromophyte-to chlorophytedominated assemblages within the European Epicontinental Seaway. Phytoplankton changes occurred in association with the establishment of photic-zone euxinia, driven by a general increase in salinity stratification and warming of surface waters. For both events, the causes of large negative carbon isotope excursions remain incompletely understood; evidence exists for both variation in the d 13 C of atmospheric CO 2 and variation in the sources of organic carbon. Regardless of the causes of d 13 C variability, long-term ocean anoxia during the Early Jurassic can be attributed to greenhouse warming and increased nutrient delivery to the oceans triggered by flood basalt volcanism.

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Multiple phases of carbon cycle disturbance from large igneous province formation at the Triassic-Jurassic transition

Cited by 108 publications

References 43 publications

Carbon cycle dynamics following the end‐Triassic mass extinction: Constraints from paired δ¹³C_carb and δ¹³C_org records

Carbon cycle dynamics following the end‐Triassic mass extinction: Constraints from paired δ¹³C_carb and δ¹³C_org records

Tectonic forcing of Early to Middle Jurassic seawater Sr/Ca

Microbes, mud and methane: cause and consequence of recurrent Early Jurassic anoxia following the end‐Triassic mass extinction

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Multiple phases of carbon cycle disturbance from large igneous province formation at the Triassic-Jurassic transition

Cited by 108 publications

References 43 publications

Carbon cycle dynamics following the end‐Triassic mass extinction: Constraints from paired δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg records

Carbon cycle dynamics following the end‐Triassic mass extinction: Constraints from paired δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg records

Tectonic forcing of Early to Middle Jurassic seawater Sr/Ca

Microbes, mud and methane: cause and consequence of recurrent Early Jurassic anoxia following the end‐Triassic mass extinction

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Resources

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Carbon cycle dynamics following the end‐Triassic mass extinction: Constraints from paired δ¹³C_carb and δ¹³C_org records

Carbon cycle dynamics following the end‐Triassic mass extinction: Constraints from paired δ¹³C_carb and δ¹³C_org records