Multiple Peer Group Self-Identification and Adolescent Tobacco Use

Fuqua, Juliana; Gallaher, Peggy; Unger, Jennifer B.; Trinidad, Dennis R.; Sussman, Steve; Ortega, Enrique; Johnson, C. Anderson

doi:10.3109/10826084.2011.608959

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Previous research has demonstrated a difference in smoking rates between peer groups among youth and young adults. 25,26 In Los Angeles, California, researchers determined that the middle school peer group with the highest smoking rates was “Gangsters/Cholos,” who had seven times the odds of smoking. 26 In Richmond, Virginia, among three African American youth and young adult peer crowds, (hip-hop, preppy, and mainstream), the hip-hop peer crowd had increased odds of smoking (AOR=1.97, 95% CI=1.03, 3.76).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wreaking “Havoc” on Smoking

Fallin¹,

Neilands

Jordan³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Background More than 25% of young adult Oklahomans smoked cigarettes in 2012. Tobacco marketing campaigns target young adults in social environments like bars/nightclubs. Social Branding interventions are designed to compete directly with this marketing. Purpose To evaluate an intervention to reduce smoking among young adult “Partiers” in Oklahoma. The Partier social subculture was described as follows: attendance at large nightclubs, fashion consciousness, valuing physical attractiveness, and achieving social status by exuding an image of confidence and financial success. Design Repeated cross-sectional study with three time points. Setting/Participants Randomized time location survey samples of young adult Partier bar and club patrons in Oklahoma City (Time 1 [2010], n=1,383; Time 2 [2011], 1,292; and Time 3 [2012], 1,198). Data were analyzed in 2013. Intervention The “HAVOC” Social Branding intervention was designed to associate a smoke-free lifestyle with Partiers’ values, and included events at popular clubs, brand ambassador peer leaders who transmit the anti-tobacco message, social media, and tailored anti-tobacco messaging. Main outcome measures Daily and nondaily smoking rates, and binge drinking rates (secondary). Results Overall, smoking rates did not change (44.1% at Time 1, 45.0% at Time 2, and 47.4% at Time 3 (p=0.17), but there was a significant interaction between intervention duration and brand recall. Partiers reporting intervention recall had lower odds of daily smoking (OR=0.30 [0.10, 0.95]) and no difference in nondaily smoking, whereas among Partiers without intervention recall had increased odds of smoking (daily AOR=1.74 [1.04, 2.89], nondaily AOR=1.97 [1.35, 2.87]). Among non-Partiers, those who recalled HAVOC reported no difference in smoking, and those who did not recall HAVOC reported significantly increased odds of smoking (daily AOR=1.53 [1.02, 2.31], nondaily AOR=1.72 [1.26, 2.36]). Binge drinking rates were significantly lower (AOR=0.73 [0.59, 0.89]) overall. Conclusions HAVOC has potential to affect smoking behavior among Oklahoma Partiers without increasing binge drinking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wreaking “Havoc” on Smoking

Fallin¹,

Neilands

Jordan³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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“…The peer group associations of youth who label themselves Cholo and Raza may endorse and promote norms more permissive to substance use as well as provide the settings in which to participate in these behaviors. As discussed earlier, studies involving cholo youth suggest that cholos embrace an oppositional culture (Matute-Bianchi, 1986) and even when quite young (i.e., 7th grade) are more likely to smoke cigarettes (Fuqua et al, 2012). The processes through which Cholo and Raza youth come to associate with peer groups who embrace an oppositional culture and the mechanisms and pathways through which those peer groups adopt oppositional values and norms, including permissive views towards substance use, warrant further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Although some of these labels are derogatory, members of marginalized groups often reclaim and use these labels as an act of resistance. The ethnic labels that people select to describe themselves may provide important information about their ethnic identity, values, relationship with the culture of origin and with the host culture (Bettie, 2000; Fuqua et al, 2012; Matute-Bianchi, 1986), just as the noncultural labels adopted by many adolescents (e.g. jock, brain, popular) express their interests, values, and social norms (Sussman, Pokhrel, Ashmore, & Brown, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A qualitative study of high school students and teachers (Matute-Bianchi, 1986) described cholos as marginalized from school, oppositional, and denigrated or feared by other students because of their possible gang involvement. A study of 7th grade students in Southern California (Fuqua et al, 2012) found that students who self-identified as cholos (even though they were probably too young to have been active gang members) were more likely to smoke cigarettes, relative to those who identified with other groups such as jocks, popular kids, smart kids, skaters, etc.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Associations Between Ethnic Labels and Substance Use Among Hispanic/Latino Adolescents in Los Angeles

Unger

Thing

Soto

et al. 2014

Substance Use & Misuse

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Self-identification with ethnic-specific labels may indicate successful ethnic identity formation, which could protect against substance use. Alternatively, it might indicate affiliation with oppositional subcultures, a potential risk factor. This study examined longitudinal associations between ethnic labels and substance use among 1,575 Hispanic adolescents in Los Angeles. Adolescents who identified as Cholo or La Raza in 9th grade were at increased risk of past-month substance use in 11th grade. Associations were similar across gender and were not confounded by socioeconomic status, ethnic identity development, acculturation, or language use. Targeted prevention interventions for adolescents who identify with these subcultures may be warranted.

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“…For example, adolescents who identify with crowds such as “Skaters,” “Hip-hop,” and “Hipsters” are more likely to smoke than their peers who identify with crowds such as “Smart Kids” (Fuqua et al, 2012; Lee, Jordan, Djakaria, & Ling, 2013; Ling & Jordan, 2011; Ling et al, 2014; Sussman, Pokhrel, Ashmore, & Brown, 2007). It is not surprising that an increasing number of antismoking campaigns have adopted approaches that target specific peer crowds 1 (for a review see Moran & Sussman, 2014a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Attitudes Toward Smoking and Smoking Susceptibility Through Peer Crowd Targeting: More Evidence From a Controlled Study

Moran

Sussman

2014

Health Communication

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Peer crowd identification consistently predicts an adolescent’s smoking behavior. As such, several interventions have targeted adolescents and young adults based on their identification with a specific crowd (e.g., Hipsters). This study uses a controlled experimental design to isolate and test the effect of peer crowd targeting in an antismoking ad on antismoking attitudes and smoking susceptibility. Two hundred and thirty-nine adolescents, age 13–15 years, completed a baseline survey and then viewed an antismoking ad targeting one of eight crowds; 1 week later they completed a posttest. Participants were assessed on antismoking attitudes and smoking susceptibility. Adolescents who strongly identified with the crowd targeted by the ad reported stronger antismoking attitudes and lower levels of smoking susceptibility. Those who disidentified with the crowd targeted in the ad exhibited not statistically significant increases in smoking susceptibility and weaker antismoking attitudes at posttest. These findings indicate that targeting youths based on their peer crowd is a useful strategy for antismoking interventions. Additional research should further examine whether youths who disidentify with the targeted crowd in an ad exhibit reactance against the message.

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Multiple Peer Group Self-Identification and Adolescent Tobacco Use

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Wreaking “Havoc” on Smoking

Wreaking “Havoc” on Smoking

Associations Between Ethnic Labels and Substance Use Among Hispanic/Latino Adolescents in Los Angeles

Changing Attitudes Toward Smoking and Smoking Susceptibility Through Peer Crowd Targeting: More Evidence From a Controlled Study

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