Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Caused by Sepsis: Risk Factor Analysis

Abstract

Purpose:To analyze the risk factors of multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS) caused by sepsis.

Exogenous IL‐10 posttreatment along with TLR4 and TNFR1 blockade improves tissue antioxidant status by modulating sepsis‐induced macrophage polarization

“…Sepsis or septic shock accounts for nearly 60%-70% of ICU deaths even today (Hotchkiss et al, 2016). The imbalance between the excessive ROS generation and their inadequate scavenging by the antioxidant enzymes leads to a complex cascade of inflammatory responses resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates in the subjects (Sun, Zhang, Mo, & Zhao, 2021). Because organ dysfunction is now widely considered to be a major outcome of the severe pro-inflammatory response during sepsis (Delano & Ward, 2016) "*" indicates a significant difference in comparison with control, "#" indicates a significant difference in comparison with LPS, "σ" indicates a significant difference in comparison with LPS + IL-10, "ϙ" indicates a significant difference with respect to LPS + DEX, "Ф" indicates significant difference with respect to LPS + DEX + IL-10, "^" indicates significant difference with respect to TLR4Ab + LPS, "$" indicates significant difference with respect to TNFR1Ab + LPS, and "λ" indicates significant difference with respect to TLR4Ab + TNFR1Ab + LPS.…”

“…Sepsis or septic shock accounts for nearly 60%–70% of ICU deaths even today (Hotchkiss et al, 2016). The imbalance between the excessive ROS generation and their inadequate scavenging by the antioxidant enzymes leads to a complex cascade of inflammatory responses resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates in the subjects (Sun, Zhang, Mo, & Zhao, 2021). Because organ dysfunction is now widely considered to be a major outcome of the severe pro‐inflammatory response during sepsis (Delano & Ward, 2016) and macrophages play a crucial role in the immunopathogenesis of sepsis, our study was targeted to examine whether the exogenous administration of recombinant IL‐10 alongside the neutralization of TLR4 and TNFR1 during LPS sepsis benefits the host by reducing oxidative stress and protects the vital organs.…”

“…Keeping in mind the multi‐organ failure that has been observed during septic shock (Caraballo & Jaimes, 2019), we further assessed the antioxidant status of the spleen, liver, and lungs to observe whether the treatment with IL‐10 contributes to the anti‐inflammatory responses in those vulnerable tissues. Although previous studies have demonstrated a variety of ways to deal with MODS during sepsis (Sun et al, 2021) and that IL‐10 contributes to enhancing the immunosuppression during late sepsis (Bah, Kumbhare, Nguyen, McCall, & El Gazzar, 2018), our approach is to simultaneously block TLR4 and TNFR1 along with the posttreatment with anti‐inflammatory IL‐10 with special reference to the macrophage polarization (M1/M2). Though researchers have previously demonstrated the role of neutrophils in the production of IL‐10 at the site of inflammation (Kasten, Muenzer, & Caldwell, 2010), the polarization of the macrophages, which are the frontline soldiers in the innate immune response, has not been elucidated so far.…”

Global research trends on sepsis and septic shock during 2003–2022: A data-driven bibliometric analysis

“…Second, the imbalance between economic and scienti c research levels in developed and developing countries has led to relatively few high-level studies on evidence-based medicine in the early stages. With the gradual deepening of Chinese studies and the continuous expansion of funding, high-quality research can be upgraded to the same level as similar global research [17,18].…”

Utilizing machine learning to create a blood-based scoring system for sepsis detection

“…8 MODS refers to the clinical syndrome in which at least two systems or organs suffer from simultaneous or sequential dysfunction during major surgery, infection, shock, poisoning and severe trauma, thus undermining the stability of the internal environment. 9 Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an exaggerated defense response of the body to a noxious stressor (infection, trauma, surgery, acute inflammation, ischemia or reperfusion, or malignancy) to localize and then eliminate the endogenous or exogenous source of the insult. SIRS with a suspected source of infection is termed sepsis.…”