“…This limitation was lifted with the demonstration of a method involving the coherent interaction between two pulses and a three-level system. The method, a stimulated transition induced by Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), depends on a Raman-type transition that is induced by the pair of pulses. ,− The concept for this method is shown in Figure . The goal is to transfer as much population as possible from level |1> to level |3>.…”