Multiple myeloma presenting as thyroid plasmacytoma

Abstract

Thyroid gland and thyroid cartilage infiltration in multiple myeloma (MM) are rare. Here, we discuss a patient who presented with hoarseness of voice and was found to have a hypodense lesion in right lobe of thyroid involving thyroid and cricoid cartilage. Fine-needle aspiration cytology with immunohistochemistry revealed extramedullary plasmacytoma of thyroid. MM was ruled out initially by serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation, and bone marrow biopsy. Later, lytic lesions were found in multiple bones on radiation planning scan and he was finally diagnosed as case of MM with thyroid involvement. Treatment strategies of MM and thyroid plasmacytoma are also discussed briefly.

Fine‐needle aspiration cytology for the diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasms in the head and neck region: A systematic analysis of the literature

“…The electronic searches yielded 1143 articles (PubMed: 418, Web of Science: 292, Embase: 265, and Scopus: 168) and 82 studies reporting 102 individuals were included in this systematic review 17–98 (Figure 1).…”

“…A recent systematic review identified concordance rates higher than 64% for the smear and 77% for the cell‐block technique regarding diagnostic capability for the evaluation of intraosseous jaw lesions, including malignant lesions 16 . Despite several published reports on the cytopathological diagnosis of PCN, either in isolated manifestations (extramedullary or solitary bone plasmacytoma) or as a consequence of PCM, 17–98 there is a lack of compiled information investigating the agreement of cytopathological and histopathological findings, along with others ancillary cytological methods such as smears and cell blocks. In fact, FNAC represents a faster, cheaper and more diversified noninvasive diagnostic approach.…”

Plasmacytoma of thyroid clinically and morphologically mimicking primary thyroid carcinoma

“…EMP/plasma cell infiltration of thyroid in cases of MM is very rarely reported in literature and only countable cases are reported on FNAC . An elderly patient with a thyroid swelling and lytic bony lesion is almost always suggestive of follicular carcinoma with bone metastasis or an incidental benign thyroid swelling with bone metastasis of some unknown visceral malignancy.…”

Spectrum of Bone Marrow Diagnoses and Their Clinico-Haematological Profile

“…Biopsy of the thyroid gland was refused by the patient. Cases of multiple myeloma associated with plasmacytoma in thyroid gland have been reported 14,15…”