Multiple Myeloma: New Perspectives

Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the most common bone malignancy that occurs frequently in older persons.It is the second most common blood cancer in which the patient usually presents with bone pain, nausea, malaise, anemia, renal insufficiency and hypocalcaemia. There is a wide variety of risk factors that may predispose to MM. It is usually discovered on routine laboratory investigations and usually diagnosed with serum or urine protein electrophoresis or immunofixation and bone marrow aspirate analysis. MM often has bad prognosis, although advances in therapy resulted in significant improvement in the overall survival rate. This review sheds light on the incidence, etiology, clinical presentation, the methods of diagnosis, prognosis and the possible lines of management of MM.

Simultaneous Detection of a Cluster of Differentiation Markers on Leukemia-Derived Exosomes by Multiplex Immuno-Polymerase Chain Reaction via Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis

“…1 This is especially significant when such biomarkers have an effect in the administration and treatment of the disease. 2 Therefore, the detection and quantification of specific tumor markers which may be present in exceptionally low concentrations within complex biological conditions with the help of advanced analytical strategies is the need of the hour. 3 So far, analysis of exosomes using different methods have been widely reported such as atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow cytometry, Western blotting, electrochemical detection, colorimetric sensor, and microfluidic-based technology.…”

New quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one‐derived VEGFR‐2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, in vitro anticancer evaluations, in silico ADMET, and docking studies

“…The majority of current chemotherapeutics for the management of liver, colorectal, and breast malignancies lack the potential to selectively inhibit a specific target enzyme that becomes overexpressed, allowing cells to aberrantly proliferate, spread, and remain outside their normal range. [ 5,6 ] One of the druggable targets with somewhat limited occurrence in healthy cells is a group of proteins collectively known as tyrosine kinases (TKs). [ 7,8 ] TKs are a family of proteins that are crucial to various cellular processes including growth, metabolism, motility, and death.…”

Polarization‐dependent second‐harmonic generation for collagen‐based differentiation of breast cancer samples

“…Breast cancer, which is considered as a typical example of collagen fiber remodeling, 19 is one of the most common malignancies in women. 20 For that reason, the efficient treatment of patients, which is based on early and accurate diagnosis, is extremely important. Unfortunately, until now, no ideal markers that could detect all breast cancer cases have been established.…”

“…Unfortunately, until now, no ideal markers that could detect all breast cancer cases have been established. 20 Therefore, the development of novel, noninvasive, label free optical techniques that can provide new insights for breast cancer research is of high importance over the last decades. 21 The dependence of nonlinear signal from the incident polarization of the excitation radiation can provide additional quantitative information about the samples even at subcellular level.…”

“…For that reason, the efficient treatment of patients, which is based on early and accurate diagnosis, is extremely important. Unfortunately, until now, no ideal markers that could detect all breast cancer cases have been established 20 . Therefore, the development of novel, noninvasive, label free optical techniques that can provide new insights for breast cancer research is of high importance over the last decades 21 …”