Multiple myeloma in sickle cell syndromes

Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is rare among patients with sickle cell syndromes (SCS). We describe six Greek sickle cell patients aged 56 to 65 years: five haemoglobin Sbeta+thalassaemia (HbSbeta+ (thal), one sickle cell anaemia (HbSS), who developed MM (three IgGkappa, one IgGlambda, one IgAkappa, and one IgGK-IgAK (biclonal). Our HbSbeta+thal cases, represent the first reported association of this entity with MM. Generalized bleeding diathesis, stroke, grand mal seizures, bone marrow necrosis and other clinical manifestations due to hyperviscosity aggravated by sickle cell vasoocclusion were treated by plasmaphereses and exchange blood transfusions. The increase of mean survival in SCS patients due to the current medical facilities may have an impact on the incidence of MM among them, if a pathogenetic link between the two conditions exists. All our patients carried a diagnosis of cholelithiasis which may predispose to MM; two of them progressed from a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to MM. Further studies are needed in order to understand the relationship between SCS and MM.

Malignancies in β‐thalassemia patients: a single‐center experience and a concise review of the literature

“…The most frequent type of cancer seems to be hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) more frequently arising on cirrhotic liver, although HCC on cirrhosis‐free liver has been described. Other malignancies include multiple myeloma, cardiac and tonsils NHL, and chronic myeloid leukemia, with a total of 35 cases reported during the last 5 years (Kaloterakis et al. , 2001; Moschovi et al.…”

“…The most frequent type of cancer seems to be hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) more frequently arising on cirrhotic liver, although HCC on cirrhosis-free liver has been described. Other malignancies include multiple myeloma, cardiac and tonsils NHL, and chronic myeloid leukemia, with a total of 35 cases reported during the last 5 years (Kaloterakis et al, 2001;Moschovi et al, 2001;Chehal, Loutfi & Taher, 2002;Voskaridou et al, 2002;Borgna-Pignatti et al, 2004a;Ricchi et al, 2004;Mancuso et al, 2005;Jabr et al, 2006;Otrock, Shamseddine & Taher, 2006). These cases are shown in Table 2.…”

Cerebral Infarction in IgG Multiple Myeloma with Hyperviscosity

“…This case was rare in that it involved plasma cell leukemia with cerebral infarction associated with serum hyperviscosity. We searched for cases of multiple myeloma with hyperviscosity presenting with cerebral infarction, and found only 2 reports (13, 14). Clinical conditions in which this possible role of hyperviscosity in cerebral infarction could be demonstrated have not been reported so far.…”

Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) genotoxicity in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease

“…Despite scarce population‐based studies, it appears that the risk of malignancies may be raised in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The extension of patients' lives, related to modern medical care, might also influence the proportion of cancers, specifically the hematological type, associated with sickle cell anemia …”

“…The extension of patients' lives, related to modern medical care, might also influence the proportion of cancers, specifically the hematological type, associated with sickle cell anemia. [1][2][3] Hydroxyurea (HU), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, also used to treat certain cancers, 4 is widely used in the therapeutic management of patients with SCD. 5 HU induces fetal hemoglobin, improves biological parameters, and reduces clinical complications of SCD.…”