Multiple Myeloma Following Essential Thrombocythemia

Abstract

The association of essential thrombocythemia (ET) and multiple myeloma (MM) is exceedingly rare, with only four such cases reported in the literature until now. In this paper, a patient is reported who developed IgA-lambda MM more than five years after the diagnosis of ET, for which she had received alpha interferon and radioactive phosphor (32P). She died shortly afterwards despite melphalan and prednisone therapy. In four of the five patients in whom the above association has been reported, including the present one, MM appeared some time after ET was initially recognized, with three of them having received alkylating drugs as their treatment for ET. MM was heterogeneous with respect to the M--component type and the clinical course. The possible etiological & pathogenetic link between both these entities is discussed.

Simultaneous and Sequential Concurrent Myeloproliferative and Lymphoproliferative Neoplasms

“…Concurrent manifestation of two chronic-phase myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms in one patient is rare and occurs in approximately 1% of patients [11,12]. Several case reports and a few case series have addressed this issue [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91]. Due to its rarity, there has been no systematic evaluation of which combinations of myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms are frequent/infrequent, and it is still a matter of debate whether two concurrent diseases in one patient are clonally related or represent independent aberrations.…”

Uncommon case of chronic myeloid leukemia with multiple myeloma

“…The coexistence of CML and MM is an extremely uncommon event, with only 12 cases having been reported in the literature. However, there are reports of MM coexisting with CNL [14][15][16][17] and myeloproliferative disorders, including polycythemia vera [20][21][22], essential thrombocytosis [23,24], and myelofibrosis [22,25]. Thus, while uncommon, cases of CML and MM in the same patient may reflect a relationship between these two distinct hematological disorders rather than a random simultaneous occurrence.…”

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of multiple myeloma among men and women of African ancestry

“…32 KANK1 may have a role in KPb-associated thrombocythemia, 33 which was found to be occasionally associated with MM. 34 The correlated alleles of rs13296848 displayed enrichments in promoter and enhancer histone markers and were associated with KANK1 expression in Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphocytes, spleen, and whole blood. 28 The other suggestive novel MM risk allele, rs7034061, was located at 19 kb 59 of the gene insulin like growth factor binding protein like 1 (IGFBPL1), whose epigenetic inaction was reported as being involved in breast cancer pathogenesis.…”