Multiple mycotoxin co-occurrence in maize grown in three agro-ecological zones of Tanzania

Kamala, Analice; Ortiz, Johana; Kimanya, Martin; Haesaert, Geert; Donoso, Silvana; Tiisekwa, B.; Meulenaer, Bruno De

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.02.002

Cited by 98 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The results of this study are consistent with previous authors (Hell et al, 2000;Kimanya et al, 2008;Mboya et al, 2012;TFDA, 2012;Shirima et al, 2014;Kamala et al, 2015; who show that postharvest practices and lacks public awareness on mycotoxins have an influence on contamination of maize with mycotoxins. In general, the study found most of the participants in agriculture (farming) were women rather than male.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In addition, the occurrences of aflatoxin and fumonisin in this study are significantly lower compared to other studies conducted by TFDA, 2012; Kamala et al, 2015;GP, 2016. Overall 33% of all samples collected (30) exceeded the maximum limit set by Tanzania Bureau of Standard (TBS) for total aflatoxin (10ppb).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…These locations were purposefully selected due to different agro-ecological zones and previous reports of high postharvest losses and mycotoxins contamination of maize, sorghum and other cereal grains (TFDA, 2012;APHLIS, 2015;Kamala et al, 2015). …”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, maize samples for mycotoxins analysis were sampled according to the procedures described by Kimanya et al (2008) and Kamala et al (2015). Briefly, about 1kg of maize was drawn randomly from farmers and traders for mycotoxin analysis.…”

Section: Awareness Of Mycotoxin (Aflatoxin) Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postharvest Practices and Mycotoxins of Maize in Three Agro-Ecological Zones in Tanzania

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²,

Chove³

2017

2017 Spokane, Washington July 16 - July 19, 2017

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Maize is a major cereal crop in Tanzania and it is grown in diverse agro-ecological zones. Like other subSaharan countries, postharvest losses of maize during storage in Tanzania remain significantly high, especially for smallholder farmers. Unpredictable weather and poor postharvest practice contribute to rapid deterioration of grain and mold contamination, and subsequent production of mycotoxins. The purpose of this study was to assess the postharvest practices, awareness and knowledge of mycotoxin contamination in maize grain in three agro-ecological zones (Eastern, Central, and Northern) of Tanzania between November 2015 and February 2016. A survey using semi-structured questionnaires was administered to farmers, traders, and consumers of maize. A total of 90 people (30 from each zone) were surveyed with a response rate of was 96% (87). In addition, several samples of maize were collected and analyzed for aflatoxin, fumonisin, and Zearalenone contamination to validate the awareness and knowledge of mycotoxin contamination of maize. The result shows a high level of postharvest losses of maize mainly through insect infestation. Moreover, over 80% of the farmers, traders, and consumers of maize were unaware of mycotoxins contamination. All maize samples collected contained detected levels of mycotoxins. The maximum concentration of aflatoxins, fumonisin, and Zearalenone in maize samples was 19.20 ppb, 7.60 ppm, and 189.90 ppb respectively. Education intervention is necessary to decrease the disconnect observed between actual mycotoxin contamination and the awareness and knowledge of farmers, traders, and consumers of maize in Tanzania. Enhancing awareness and knowledge provide the opportunity to educate on post-harvest practices that reduce postharvest losses and mycotoxin of maize in Tanzania.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Awareness Of Mycotoxin (Aflatoxin) Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Postharvest Practices and Mycotoxins of Maize in Three Agro-Ecological Zones in Tanzania

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²,

Chove³

2017

2017 Spokane, Washington July 16 - July 19, 2017

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“…In Tanzania, Kamala et al. (2015) also reported that 87% of maize samples were co‐contaminated with aflatoxins and fumonisins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Occurrence of aflatoxin in agricultural produce from local markets in Burundi and Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Udomkun

Mutegi

Wossen

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Aflatoxins are noxious secondary metabolites, of certain fungal species, found in food and feed. Contamination of a commodity with aflatoxins is associated with production and storage losses, and subsequently less food availability. Aflatoxins can also pose human health risks and represent a barrier to the development of trade, in both domestic and international markets. In this study, samples of cassava, maize, groundnut, beans, soybean, sorghum and milk, and their processed products were collected from local markets in Burundi and Eastern DRC. In order to investigate the levels of aflatoxin, crop samples were analyzed using a single step lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (Reveal Q+), while enzyme‐linked immune‐sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyze aflatoxin‐M1 in milk, yogurt, and cheese samples. The results revealed the presence of aflatoxins in all samples from both countries, with levels ranging from 1.3 to 2,410 μg/kg. Samples collected from Burundi contained relatively higher (p > 0.0.5) levels of aflatoxins. In 51% of all the crops samples, total aflatoxin contamination was above the EU maximum tolerable level of 4 μg/kg. Processed products, particularly from groundnut, maize, and sorghum, had the highest levels of aflatoxin contamination when compared to unprocessed grain. With regard to milk and dairy products, the level of aflatoxin‐M1 ranged from 4.8 to 261.1 ng/kg. Approximately 29% of milk and yogurt samples had aflatoxin‐M1 higher than the EU regulatory limit of 50 ng/kg, whereas 20% of cheese samples were found to be contaminated at levels higher than the maximum limit of 250 ng/kg. These results can serve as the basis for pre‐ and postharvest approaches to reduce aflatoxin contamination in agricultural commodities in Burundi and Eastern DRC in order to reduce health risk, avoid reduced production in livestock, and open up export markets.

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Review of Sample Treatments and the State‐of‐the‐art of Analytical Techniques for Mycotoxins in Food

Arroyo‐Manzanares

Huertas-Pérez

Garcı́a-Campaña

et al. 2017

Analysis of Food Toxins and Toxicants

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Multiple mycotoxin co-occurrence in maize grown in three agro-ecological zones of Tanzania

Cited by 98 publications

References 35 publications

Postharvest Practices and Mycotoxins of Maize in Three Agro-Ecological Zones in Tanzania

Postharvest Practices and Mycotoxins of Maize in Three Agro-Ecological Zones in Tanzania

Occurrence of aflatoxin in agricultural produce from local markets in Burundi and Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Review of Sample Treatments and the State‐of‐the‐art of Analytical Techniques for Mycotoxins in Food

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