Multiple-mRNA-controlled and heat-driven drug release from gold nanocages in targeted chemo-photothermal therapy for tumors

Abstract

The multifunctional drug delivery systems enabling the effective drug delivery and comprehensive treatment is critical to successful cancer treatment. It still remains challenging for precise drug delivery to overcome nonspecific...

Stimuli-Responsive Gold Nanocages for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

“…By simultaneously combining three kinds of tumor-associated mRNAs (i.e., C-myc mRNA, TK1 mRNA, and GT mRNA) in breast cancer cells, the tripleinterlocked nanomodule could be unlocked for precise drug release. However, in other cells that do not possess the three kinds of mRNA simultaneously, full-strand Zhang et al [101] loaded DOX into the cavities of AuNCs and modified the tripleinterlocked I-type DNA nanomodule on the surfaces of the AuNCs to achieve the closure of the AuNCs' holes. By simultaneously combining three kinds of tumor-associated mRNAs (i.e., C-myc mRNA, TK1 mRNA, and GT mRNA) in breast cancer cells, the triple-interlocked nanomodule could be unlocked for precise drug release.…”

“…Zhang et al [ 101 ] loaded DOX into the cavities of AuNCs and modified the triple-interlocked I-type DNA nanomodule on the surfaces of the AuNCs to achieve the closure of the AuNCs’ holes. By simultaneously combining three kinds of tumor-associated mRNAs (i.e., C-myc mRNA, TK1 mRNA, and GT mRNA) in breast cancer cells, the triple-interlocked nanomodule could be unlocked for precise drug release.…”

“…Reprinted/adapted with permission from Ref. [ 101 ]. Copyright 2021, The Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

Naphthofluorescein-based organic nanoparticles with superior stability for near-infrared photothermal therapy

“…1 H NMR spectroscopy was performed on a 400 MHz Varian using Me 4 Si as the internal standard. 13 C NMR spectroscopy was performed on a 100 MHz Varian. Mass spectra were recorded on a HP 1100 LC/MS manufactured by American Agilent.…”

“…5,6 To achieve the desired therapeutic effect, PTAs are required with the following characteristics: (i) biosafety; (ii) strong nearinfrared (NIR) absorption (λ = 700-900 nm) for deep tissue penetration, preferably at 808 nm to coordinate with common PTT laser excitation; (iii) outstanding photostability; (iv) excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE); and (v) favorable nonradiative transitions to generate heat. 1,7 In recent years, many kinds of inorganic PTAs have been developed vigorously, [8][9][10][11][12] including those based on gold nanostructures, 13 carbon materials, 14 quantum dots, 15 porous silicon, 16 and semiconductor nanoparticles. 17 In comparison with inorganic materials, a preponderance of organic PTAs (e.g., cyanine dyes, 18 porphyrins, 19 phthalocyanine, 20 diketopyrrolopyrroles, 7 BODIPY, 21 and benzobisthiadiazole 22 ), with properties such as flexible modification, satisfactory biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and fast body clearance, provide excellent prospects for clinical translation.…”