“…They may degrade system performance, render instability of the closed-loop system, or even worse, lead to catastrophic accidents. To increase system reliability and security, a bank of fault tolerant control (FTC) schemes, which compensate for the actuator failures and maintain the performance of the closed-loop system, have been proposed for deterministic systems, for instance in Boskovic, Jackson, Mehra, and Nguyen (2009), Corradini and Orlando (2007), Jiang (1994) and Zhang, Parisini, and Polycarpou (2004). Recently, adaptive FTC strategy has received much attention for its capability to deal with system uncertainties as well as ✩ The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants 61174079, 61034006 and 61203068.…”