Multiple-methods investigation of recharge at a humid-region fractured rock site, Pennsylvania, USA

Heppner, Christopher S.; Nimmo, John R.; Folmar, Gordon J.; Gburek, William J.; Risser, Dennis W.

doi:10.1007/s10040-006-0149-6

Cited by 73 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Differences in the results of this study and the one carried out by Owor et al (2009) Recharge processes in fractured bedrock aquifers are difficult to characterize due to preferential flow along fractures, resulting non-uniform infiltration, and difficulties obtaining direct measurements of recharge (Scanlon et al, 2002;Healy and Cook, 2002;Gburek and Folmar, 1999;Heppner et al, 2007). However, fractures have high hydraulic conductivity and low storage, suggesting that groundwater response rates should be rapid Gburek and Folmar, 1999;Heppner et al, 2007). The potential for a rapid response makes fractured bedrock aquifers particularly suited to studying how the aquifer responds to rain events.…”

Section: Well 281 and Well 283mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…As the hydraulic gradient increases, high hydraulic conductivity causes a rapid pressure pulse and flow of groundwater, which may manifest as the appearance or increase in groundwater discharge in the form of springs, seeps, and baseflow to surface water bodies (de Vries and Simmers, 2002;Heppner et al, 2007). For this reason, examining the groundwater discharge environment may be useful for characterizing the aquifer response to heavy rainfall events.…”

Section: Well 281 and Well 283mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of a fractured bedrock aquifer to recharge from heavy rainfall events

Rathay

Allen

Kirste

2018

Journal of Hydrology

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The response of a fractured bedrock aquifer in a temperate region (Gulf Islands, British Columbia) to heavy rainfall events is characterized. Of the 14 provincial observation wells with hourly groundwater level data, wells with shallow water levels showed pronounced responses to heavy rain events, a lag less than 12 hours, and a strong correlation to all rain events. Rises in groundwater level at Well 125 appear to be better related to all rain events than exclusively heavy rain during summer, and decrease as the rainfall intensity increases. Thermal infrared images and δ 18 O and δ 2 H composition for precipitation and seepage indicate an increase in seepage in the late fall and winter.Solution of the Green-Ampt equation for rainfall events of varying magnitude suggest that an increase in winter rainfall intensity leads to more surface ponding and overland flow. The projected occurrence of more heavy rain events in the future may result in lower net recharge.

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Section: Well 281 and Well 283mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Well 281 and Well 283mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of a fractured bedrock aquifer to recharge from heavy rainfall events

Rathay

Allen

Kirste

2018

Journal of Hydrology

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“…In order to obtain accurate measures of the recharge rate the base of the lysimeter should not be deeper than the root zone. By using 28 lysimeters (0.61 m diameter, 1 m long) in the Masser Recharge Site (central Pennsylvania, USA), Heppner et al (2007) report that recharge averaged 32 % of the annual rainfall (ranging from 21 % to 52 %) between 1995 and 1999. Along with Seneviratne et al (2012), they also discuss the main sources of uncertainty linked to the recharge estimation using lysimeter data.…”

Section: Aquifer Recharge Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Complexity of Groundwater Dependent Social-ecological Systems

Barreteau

Caballero²,

Hamilton

et al. 2016

Integrated Groundwater Management

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Groundwater resources are part of larger social-ecological systems. In this chapter, we review the various dimensions of these complex systems in order to uncover the diversity of elements at stake in the evolution of an aquifer and the loci for possible actions to control its dynamics. Two case studies illustrate how the state of an aquifer is embedded in a web of biophysical and sociopolitical processes. We propose here a holistic view through an IGM-scape that describes the various possible pathways of evolution for a groundwater related social-ecological system. Then we describe the elements of this IGM-scape starting with physical entities and processes, including relations with surface water and quality issues. Interactions with society bring an additional layer of considerations, including decisions on groundwater abstraction, land use changes and even energy related choices. Finally we point out the policy levers for groundwater management and their possible consequences for an aquifer, taking into account the complexity of pathways opened by these levers.

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“…Similar to Crosbie et al (2005), the effects of evapotranspiration from the water table, lateral flow in and outwere coupled into the rate of water table decline. The master recession curve (MRC) approach was used to obtain the projected groundwater decline in each of the monitoring wells (Heppner and Nimmo, 2005;Crosbie et al, 2005;Heppner et al, 2007), rather than using more subjective graphical extrapolation methods. Generally, the MRC approach predicts higher water level declines at higher groundwater levels.…”

Section: Groundwater Recharge Estimation Using the Water Table Fluctumentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation Effects on Soil Moisture and Groundwater Recharge in Subtropical Coastal Sand Dunes

Fan¹

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Vegetation can potentially have a strong influence on the water budget and hydrological processes in vegetated ecosystems due to canopy rainfall interception and the partitioning of rainfall into throughfall and stemflow, as well as root water uptake from the vadose zone or groundwater table. This study aims to explore the potential effects of vegetation on soil moisture dynamics and groundwater recharge in a subtropical coastal area of eastern Australia. This area is characterized by highly permeable sands, intense summer rainfall events and three typical vegetation covers (exotic pine plantation, native woodland and grassland).First of all, the spatial variability of both throughfall and stemflow at the soil surface was investigated in a 12-year-old managed pine plantation over one year on Bribie Island using tipping-bucket rain gauges. Rainfall loss by canopy interception and subsequent evaporation from this pine plantation and a native banksia woodland were also quantified and compared using field measurements and two analytical models of rainfall interception.In addition, the potential hydrological impacts of changes in vegetation cover in this shallow sandy groundwater system (depth to water table < 2 m) was evaluated by estimating groundwater recharge and discharge by evapotranspiration (ET g ) under the three contrasting vegetation covers over a 2-year period using the water table fluctuation method and the White method, respectively.To further monitor the actual water percolation processes in deep sand dune profiles (depth to water table > 10 m), spatial patterns and seasonal dynamics of root-zone soil moisture were quantified under three contrasting vegetation covers on North StradbrokeIsland by combining two geophysical techniques: surface electric resistivity tomography (surface ERT) and spatial time domain reflectometry (spatial TDR). Based on the field investigations of rainfall and root distributions at the under-canopy and inter-canopy zones, spatial distributions of vadose zone soil moisture and deep drainage in this subtropical coastal forest overlying deep sand dunes were finally simulated using HYDRUS models.On the Bribie Island sites, the highest throughfall was found on the east side of the tree trunks (~85% of gross rainfall) and the lowest in the midway between tree rows (~68% of gross rainfall) in the pine plantation. These spatial patterns persist for around 84% of recorded rainfall events. This is explained by canopy interception of the inclined rainfall resulting from the prevailing easterly wind direction throughout the experiment. Annual ii rainfall interception loss in the banksia woodland was lower (~16% of gross rainfall) than that in the pine plantation (~23% of gross rainfall) due to the lower canopy storage capacity and higher aerodynamic resistance of the banksia woodland. The RGAM and WiMo models predicted the interception losses from these forest stands reasonably well.The average annual gross recharge was largest at the sparse grassland site, followed by the exotic...

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Multiple-methods investigation of recharge at a humid-region fractured rock site, Pennsylvania, USA

Cited by 73 publications

References 29 publications

Response of a fractured bedrock aquifer to recharge from heavy rainfall events

Response of a fractured bedrock aquifer to recharge from heavy rainfall events

Disentangling the Complexity of Groundwater Dependent Social-ecological Systems

Vegetation Effects on Soil Moisture and Groundwater Recharge in Subtropical Coastal Sand Dunes

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