Multiple Magnet Ingestion leading to Bowel Perforation: A Relatively Sinister Foreign Body

Arshad, Muhammad; Jeelani, Sarah Masroor; Salim, Adnan; Hussain, Bakhtawar Dilawar

doi:10.7759/cureus.5866

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…We collected reports of accidental magnet ingestion from 2012 to 2019 using the following search formulations: “magnets”[MeSH Terms] OR “magnets”[All Fields] OR “magnet”[All Fields]) AND (“eating”[MeSH Terms] OR “eating”[All Fields] OR “ingestion”[All Fields]) AND (“child”[MeSH Terms] OR “child”[All Fields] OR “children”[All Fields]. A total of 54 patients 3,5,11‐47 were identified (Table 4). Fifty patients ingested multiple magnets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nationwide questionnaire survey on accidental magnet ingestion in children in Japan

et al. 2020

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Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common accident encountered in daily paediatric practice. Three-fourths of patients with accidental FB ingestions occur in children aged ≤ 5 years. 1 Although most children with accidental FB ingestion are asymptomatic and FBs such as coin will pass with no gastrointestinal symptoms, button batteries, 2 multiple magnets 3 and magnets with metal objects 4 are known to sometimes cause life-threatening complications. Deaths following multiple-magnet ingestion have been reported. 5 Magnets are widely used in daily life as toys or pasting tools that are utilised to paste documents or photographs on metal products such as whiteboards and refrigerators. The number of accidental ingestions of magnets is increasing. 6,7 A study in the United States revealed an 8.5-fold increase of emergency department visits involving magnet ingestion. 6 The hazards of single-magnet ingestion

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nationwide questionnaire survey on accidental magnet ingestion in children in Japan

et al. 2020

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“…Other reports in the literature have discussed using serial X-rays to evaluate passage of objects, specifically magnets in the pediatric population. The protocol suggested by the North American Societies of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition includes obtaining serial X-rays every 4-6 hours to monitor for progression [4]. Although obtaining serial abdominal films is considered a diagnostic study, it is also concurrently a part of the non-operative management of foreign body ingestion.…”

Section: Anatomic Areas Of Narrowing In Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foreign Bodies and Bowel Obstructions

Taylor¹,

Clegg²

2020

Intestinal Obstructions

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Foreign body ingestion most commonly occurs in the pediatric population, with approximately 80–90% of objects passing spontaneously in individuals who are evaluated by medical professionals. Objects may be lodged in a variety of anatomic locations. Only about 10% of foreign bodies progress past the stomach. Of the 10–20% of objects that fail to pass, less than 1% requires surgical intervention. Small bowel obstructions are a rare presentation of foreign body ingestions. There are case reports, guidelines, and retrospective reviews in the literature regarding the management of ingested foreign bodies. In patients who do not have spontaneous passage of foreign bodies, endoscopic and surgical techniques have been utilized for successful retrieval. The timing and indication for endoscopic intervention is dependent upon several factors, including the type and location of the foreign body and is also contingent upon patient symptoms. Numerous case reports and studies describe the successful endoscopic removal of foreign bodies in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Although the type and location of an ingested object is critical for determining the success of endoscopic intervention, the patient’s clinical exam and stability is also an aspect to consider when deciding on management of bowel obstructions caused by foreign bodies.

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“…They tend to have a small surface area and are capable of attracting each other through tissues, 3,4 leading to fistula formation and perforation 3,5 . Not all patients will give a history of magnet ingestion 6 and, as the magnets often occlude any perforation, symptoms may be non‐specific and mild 2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2015, the North American Societies of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition released an algorithm for the management of ingestion of magnets 6 . However, this has not been internationally adopted, and there has been lack of consensus on ideal management 2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing magnets: An audit of introduction of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine Best Practice Guideline

McLeish,

Harwood,

Decker

et al. 2023

Acta Paediatrica

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AimTo evaluate management of children and young people presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with magnet ingestion before and after new guidance.MethodsIn May 2021, a National Patient Safety Agency and Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) Best Practice Guideline about management of ingested magnets was published. This was implemented in our department. Children and young people presenting after magnet ingestion were identified from SNOMED (coded routinely collected data) and X‐ray requests between January 2016 and March 2022. Management was compared to national guidance.ResultsThere were 138 patient episodes of magnet ingestion, with a rising incidence over the 5‐year period. Following introduction of the guideline, there was a higher incidence of admission (36% vs. 20%) and operative intervention (15.7% vs. 8%). Use of follow‐up X‐ray increased from 56% to 90%. There was substantial variation in the management prior to guidance which reduced after introduction of the RCEM guidance.ConclusionManagement of magnet ingestion has become more standardised since introduction of the National RCEM Best Practice Guideline, but there is still room for improvement.

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Multiple Magnet Ingestion leading to Bowel Perforation: A Relatively Sinister Foreign Body

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

A nationwide questionnaire survey on accidental magnet ingestion in children in Japan

A nationwide questionnaire survey on accidental magnet ingestion in children in Japan

Foreign Bodies and Bowel Obstructions

Managing magnets: An audit of introduction of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine Best Practice Guideline

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