Multiple Logic Functions Based on Small Molecular Fluorene Derivatives and Their Application in Cell Imaging

Abstract

Multiple logic functions including dual-input dual-output NOR and AND gates, dual-input dual-output NOT and AND gates, and a three-input NOR gate are fabricated with fluorene-based small molecule/DNA probes (named FSM/DNA probes), which sequences are well-designed. The FSM/DNA probes can be quenched by dsDNA, aptamer-target complex and free dyes (SG I and EB) without the attachment of additional quencher moiety. The quencher-free FSM/DNA probe also presents a way for detection of ATP. In addition, the feasibility of a pH-induced "ON−OFF" fluorescence switching system is demonstrated through the carboxylic acid-terminated fluorene derivatives (F(COOH) 2 and FSM/DNA probe) by taking advantage of protonation/deprotonation process occurring at the carboxylic acid functional groups. The formation of deprotonated F(COO − ) 2 emits fluorescent ("ON" state) at neutral and alkaline pH ranges, whereas the F(COOH) 2 with the protonated carboxylic acid groups quenches the emission of fluorene ("OFF" state) at acidic pH ranges. Switching function based on the FSM/DNA probe can be performed in totally aqueous solution. Interestingly, the FSM/DNA probe exhibits high fluorescence brightness, biocompatibility, cell membrane penetrability, and thus it has been applied in live cell imaging investigation.

Efficient Deep-Blue Emittier and Molecular-Scale Memory Device Based on Dipyridyl–Phenylimidazole–Terpyridine Assembly

“…Moreover, “ON–OFF” switching of the absorbance of the receptor suggests the reversible nature of the “Writing–Reading–Erasing–Reading” device (Figure S21, Supporting Information). Although the “ON–OFF” state is even clearly observed after five cycles, it should be noted that a gradual decrease in absorbance occurred as a result of the concentration dilution of the system …”

Chemically Induced Fluorescence Switching of Carbon-Dots and Its Multiple Logic Gate Implementation

“…Among several methods (e.g. luminescence, colorimetric and electrochemical), photoluminescence is a broadly used characterization technique for logic devices because of its characteristics such as high sensitivity, simple and fast response 5 10 19 20 21 . We establish the C-dots based fluorescence off-on and on-off sensors which sense the metal ions as well as anions in pH 7.2 HEPES-buffered water solution.…”

Aqueous Phase Sensing of Fe3+ and Ascorbic Acid by a Metal–Organic Framework and Its Implication in the Construction of Multiple Logic Gates

“…We observed that in presence of either Fe 3+ or Fe 2+ /H 2 O 2 (input=1), the fluorescence of 1′ was quenched (output=0). This behaviour is similar to construct a NOT logic gate (Figure S31, Supporting Information) …”

“…This behaviour is similar to construct aN OT logic gate (Figure S31,Supporting Information). [39] In addition, the treatment of Fe 3 + -1' system with AA (input = 1) can regenerate the fluorescenceo fthes ystem (output = 1). This leads to the formation of aY ES logic gate ( Figure S32, Supporting Information).…”