Multiple Loci Condition Seed Transmission of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and SMV-Induced Seed Coat Mottling in Soybean

Abstract

Infection of soybean plants with Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), which is transmitted by aphids and through seed, can cause significant reductions in seed production and quality. Because seedborne infections are the primary sources of inoculum for SMV infections in North America, host-plant resistance to seed transmission can limit the pool of plants that can serve as sources of inoculum. To examine the inheritance of SMV seed transmission in soybean, crosses were made between plant introductions (PIs) with high (PI88799), moderate (PI60279), and low (PI548391) rates of transmission of SMV through seed. In four F(2) populations, SMV seed transmission segregated as if conditioned by two or more genes. Consequently, a recombinant inbred line population was derived from a cross between PIs 88799 and 548391 and evaluated for segregation of SMV seed transmission, seed coat mottling, and simple sequence repeat markers. Chromosomal regions on linkage groups C1 and C2 were significantly associated with both transmission of isolate SMV 413 through seed and SMV-induced seed coat mottling, and explained ≈42.8 and 46.4% of the variability in these two traits, respectively. Chromosomal regions associated with seed transmission and seed coat mottling contained homologues of Arabidopsis genes DCL3 and RDR6, which encode enzymes involved in RNA-mediated transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene silencing.

Soybean mosaic virus: a successful potyvirus with a wide distribution but restricted natural host range

“…RNA silencing has been suggested to play an important role in both seed transmission and virus‐induced seed coat mottling. Regions on soybean chromosomes 4 and 6 containing homologues of Arabidopsis genes DICER‐LIKE 3 ( DCL3 ) and RNA‐DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE 6 ( RDR6 ), encoding enzymes involved in RNA silencing, are associated with both seed transmission of SMV and SMV‐induced seed coat mottling (Domier et al ., ). Infection of soybean by SMV, and by other viruses that express strong suppressors of RNA silencing, often induces mottling of soybean seed coats in a host and virus strain‐specific manner (Bowers and Goodman, ; Domier et al ., ; Hobbs et al ., ).…”

“…Since then, a rapidly increasing number of complete genome sequences of isolates from China, Iran, Japan, South Korea and North America have been determined, enabling studies of virus evolution in relation to inoculum source and deployed resistance genes (Ahangaran et al, 2013;Chen Y.-X. et al, 2017;Chowda-Reddy et al, 2011a;Domier et al, 2011;Hajimorad et al, 2003;Saruta et al, 2005;Seo et al, 2009a;Zhou et al, 2015). Analyses have shown that SMV cistrons are subject to different selection pressures (Seo et al, 2009b;Zhou et al, 2015).…”

Plant to Plant Movement

“…As well as conditioning the seed transmission of SMV, multiple loci in soybean also are involved in seed coat mottling (Domier et al, 2011). As well as conditioning the seed transmission of SMV, multiple loci in soybean also are involved in seed coat mottling (Domier et al, 2011).…”

“…A single recessive gene conditions the resistance to seed transmission of BSMV in barley (Carroll et al, 1979). Seed transmission of SMV is controlled by multiple loci in soybean one of which contains homologs of Arabidopsis DCL3 and RDR6 genes which encode enzymes involved in RNA silencing (Domier et al, 2011). Seed transmission of SMV is controlled by multiple loci in soybean one of which contains homologs of Arabidopsis DCL3 and RDR6 genes which encode enzymes involved in RNA silencing (Domier et al, 2011).…”

Evaluation of Seed Transmissibility of Soybean Vein Necrosis-Associated Virus in Two Soybean Cultivars Grown Under Field Conditions

“…Seed transmission is a major route for long-distance dissemination of plant viruses and also serves as the initial local source of inoculum in many viral pathosystems [14]. The underlying mechanism of seed transmissibility is complex and is influenced by many factors, including the genetics of viruses and hosts [15,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”