Multiple injection and rate shaping Part 1: Emissions reduction in passenger car Diesel engines

Atzler, Frank; Kastner, Oliver; Rotondi, R.; Weigand, A.

doi:10.4271/2009-24-0004

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…While each effect will be discussed separately here, it is important to note that many studies changed several of these parameters simultaneously, and as such, the effect of each of these engine operational parameters on post-injection efficacy may not be separable. For example, several studies [33,34,69,70] measured engine-out soot with post injections at various points on standard drive cycles, such as the New European Drive cycle (NEDC) or the European Stationary Cycle (ESC) [71,72]. In this type of study, operational parameters like load, speed, and boost are typically varied simultaneously to realize differences between standard operating conditions.…”

Section: Dependencies On Engine Operating Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post Injections for Soot Reduction in Diesel Engines: A Review of Current Understanding

O’Connor

Musculus

2013

SAE Int. J. Engines

141

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This work is a technical review of past research and a synthesis of current understanding of post injections for soot reduction in diesel engines. A post injection, which is a short injection after a longer main injection, is an in-cylinder tool to reduce engine-out soot to meet pollutant emissions standards while maintaining efficiency, and potentially to reduce or eliminate exhaust aftertreatment. A sprawling literature on post injections documents the effects of post injections on engine-out soot with variations in many engine operational parameters. Explanations of how post injections lead to engineout soot reduction vary and are sometimes inconsistent or contradictory, in part because supporting fundamental experimental or modeling data are often not available. In this paper, we review the available data describing the efficacy of post-injections and highlight several candidate in-cylinder mechanisms that may control their efficacy. We first discuss three in-cylinder mechanisms that have been frequently proposed to explain how post injections reduce engine-out soot. Thereafter, to provide a foundation for interpretation of past research, we briefly review basic soot formation and oxidation chemistry, and soot/fluid processes in fuel sprays and engine flows. Next, we provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on the efficacy of post-injections for soot reduction as a function of engine operational parameters including injection duration and dwell, exhaust-gas recirculation, load, boost, speed, swirl, and spray targeting. We conclude by identifying major remaining research questions that need to be addressed to help achieve a design-level understanding of the mechanisms of soot reduction by post injections.

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Section: Dependencies On Engine Operating Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post Injections for Soot Reduction in Diesel Engines: A Review of Current Understanding

O’Connor

Musculus

2013

SAE Int. J. Engines

141

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“…To a certain extent, this limits combustion control, since the ET also determines heat release phasing and rates [5][6][7]. The recent introduction of direct-acting piezoelectric injectors [8] provides engineers with direct control over the needle lift-thus, over the instantaneous fuel flow-which opens a wide range of possibilities for controlling the injection event and combustion process [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking instantaneous rate of injection to X-ray needle lift measurements for a direct-acting piezoelectric injector

Viera

Payri

Swantek

et al. 2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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the instantaneous ROI and to provide experimental data with parametric variations useful for numerical model validations. Results show a strong relationship between the steady partial needle lift and the ROI. The effect is non-linear, and also strongly dependent on the injection pressure. The steady lift value at which the needle ceases to influence the ROI increases with the injection pressure. Finally, a transient analysis is presented, showing that the needle velocity may considerably affect the instantaneous ROI, because of the volume displaced inside the nozzle. Results presented in this study show that at constant injection pressure and energizing time, this injector has the potential to control many aspects of the ROI and thus, the heat release rate. Also, data presented are useful for numerical model validations, which would provide detailed insight into the physical processes that drive these observations, and potentially, to the effects of these features on combustion performance.

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“…the division of the fuel dose into several parts injected during one working cycle) has been applied in automotive engines for some time now. It allows a more precise control of the heat release characteristics of the combustion process and positively influences thermal efficiency of the engine as well as pollutant emission [3,9,10,12,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Heat Release Dynamics in a Compression-Ignition Engine with Multiple Fuel Injection

Chłopek¹,

Lasocki²

2020

ACTA POLYTECH HUNG

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The heat release characteristics of the combustion process in a four-stroke compression-ignition engines depend strongly on the fuel injection strategy. In the case of multiple fuel injection, deviations from the classic heat release model applicable to a single injection are observed. This paper presents the results of empirical tests and their analysis for a single-cylinder compression-ignition research engine with double injection of fuel. The influence of fuel injection pattern on the indicated pressure has been analyzed, in particular the derivative of indicated pressure in respect of the crank angle. The processes of fuel supply and heat release have been investigated in time domain. A correlation analysis of voltage controlling the opening of injector and unit heat release rate have been presented. The delay angle and delay time of unit heat-release rate in respect of the voltage controlling the opening of the injector have been determined. The heat release for each injected fuel dose has been analyzed.

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Multiple injection and rate shaping Part 1: Emissions reduction in passenger car Diesel engines

Cited by 24 publications

References 5 publications

Post Injections for Soot Reduction in Diesel Engines: A Review of Current Understanding

Post Injections for Soot Reduction in Diesel Engines: A Review of Current Understanding

Linking instantaneous rate of injection to X-ray needle lift measurements for a direct-acting piezoelectric injector

Analysis of Heat Release Dynamics in a Compression-Ignition Engine with Multiple Fuel Injection

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