Multiple geochemical and isotopic (Boron, Strontium, Carbon) indicators for reconstruction of the origin and evolution of oilfield water from Jiuquan Basin, Northwestern China

Cl, Br, B, Li, and noble gases isotopes to study the origin and evolution of deep groundwater in sedimentary basins: a review

“…Similar B isotope compositions in deep groundwater in the Marcellus marine shale formation in the Appalachian Basin, USA (Warner et al 2014), and the Weiyuan Shale Gasfield in the Sichuan Basin, China, are found (Ni et al 2018), with δ 11 B ranging from + 31 to + 33‰ and + 22.5 to + 33.5‰, respectively. Also, the oilfield water from Jiuquan Basin, Northwestern China, with δ 11 B values ranging from + 3.5 to + 39.7‰, is found to be originated from relicts of evaporated seawater and geothermal water undergoing intensive water-rock interactions with the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation (Ni et al 2021).…”

“…The Li isotope composition of waters is mainly controlled by the balance between the transportation of rock weathering products and the formation of secondary minerals in the runoff process. The variation of B isotope composition is caused by different mineral sources, the adsorption or desorption of the mineral phase, and the formation process of secondary minerals (Millot et al , 2010b(Millot et al , 2010cNi et al 2021;Pennisi et al 2000Pennisi et al , 2006Vigier et al 2009;Zheng et al 2017).…”

“…In the crystalline basement or the sedimentary strata, hundreds and even thousands of meters below the surface, "deep" groundwater with high total dissolved solids (TDS) is commonly formed (Chan et al 2002;Bagheri et al 2014a, b;Birkle et al 2009a, b;Kharaka and Hanor, 2003;Lowenstein et al 2003;Sheng et al 2018;Tan et al 2011;Vengosh et al 1995;Yu et al 2013). In the studies of hydrogeochemistry in sedimentary basins, deep groundwater is often referred to as "formation water" (Bagheri et al 2014a, b;Birkle et al 2009a, b;Kharaka and Hanor, 2003;Lüders et al 2010;Millot et al 2011;Ni et al 2021;Yu et al 2013), which often buries in the rock cracks of hydrocarbon reservoirs (Kharaka and Hanor 2003). During the processes of oil and gas resources exploitation, deep groundwater is brought to the surface from the deep aquifer, and thus, it is also called "produced formation water" or "oilfield brine" (Bagheri et al 2014b;Boschetti et al 2020;Fan et al 2010;Huang et al 2020;Kharaka and Hanor, 2003;Ni et al 2021;Phan et al 2020;Tan et al 2011;Yu et al 2013).…”

“…In the studies of hydrogeochemistry in sedimentary basins, deep groundwater is often referred to as "formation water" (Bagheri et al 2014a, b;Birkle et al 2009a, b;Kharaka and Hanor, 2003;Lüders et al 2010;Millot et al 2011;Ni et al 2021;Yu et al 2013), which often buries in the rock cracks of hydrocarbon reservoirs (Kharaka and Hanor 2003). During the processes of oil and gas resources exploitation, deep groundwater is brought to the surface from the deep aquifer, and thus, it is also called "produced formation water" or "oilfield brine" (Bagheri et al 2014b;Boschetti et al 2020;Fan et al 2010;Huang et al 2020;Kharaka and Hanor, 2003;Ni et al 2021;Phan et al 2020;Tan et al 2011;Yu et al 2013). The enrichment of trace or metallic elements such as K, B, Li, Br, and I in this type of groundwater shows high industrial utilization values and socioeconomic benefits.…”

Polysaccharides as Effective and Environmentally Friendly Inhibitors of Scale Deposition from Aqueous Solutions in Technological Processes

“…In the presence of CO 2 in systems with high salinity, well-known patterns of salt solubility are not applicable and, therefore, often lead to misinterpretation and incorrect estimates regarding precipitation and the sediments that arise during production processes. The following ion concentrations are present in natural water [ 34 , 39 , 40 ]: >10,000 mg/L Na + , Cl − 100–10,000 mg/L Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ , SO 4 2− 1–100 mg/L Al 3+ , Fe 2+ , Li + , borates, silicates, NH 4 + , HCO 3 − /CO 3 2− <1 mg/L Zn 2+ , Hg°, Be 2+ , Co 2+ , Pb 2+ …”