Multiple factors involved in the control of ACTH and α-MSH secretion

Proulx-Ferland, Louise; Meunier, Hélène; Côté, James E.; D, Dumont; Gagné, Bernard; Labrie, Fernand

doi:10.1016/0022-4731(83)90201-7

Cited by 21 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition to ACTH and corticosterone, α-MSH secretion from the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland is also controlled by the dopaminergic system ( 189 ). α-MSH levels were increased after D 2 receptor antagonist treatment ( 155 , 156 ) but changed not after D 2 receptor agonist treatment ( 155 ), suggesting that α-MSH release is under maximal inhibitory control of dopamine.…”

Section: Dopaminergic Treatment Effects On the Neuroendocrine And Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Access to the CNS: Biomarker Strategies for Dopaminergic Treatments

et al. 2018

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Despite substantial research carried out over the last decades, it remains difficult to understand the wide range of pharmacological effects of dopaminergic agents. The dopaminergic system is involved in several neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. This complex system features multiple pathways implicated in emotion and cognition, psychomotor functions and endocrine control through activation of G protein-coupled dopamine receptors. This review focuses on the system-wide effects of dopaminergic agents on the multiple biochemical and endocrine pathways, in particular the biomarkers (i.e., indicators of a pharmacological process) that reflect these effects. Dopaminergic treatments developed over the last decades were found to be associated with numerous biochemical pathways in the brain, including the norepinephrine and the kynurenine pathway. Additionally, they have shown to affect peripheral systems, for example the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Dopaminergic agents thus have a complex and broad pharmacological profile, rendering drug development challenging. Considering the complex system-wide pharmacological profile of dopaminergic agents, this review underlines the needs for systems pharmacology studies that include: i) proteomics and metabolomics analysis; ii) longitudinal data evaluation and mathematical modeling; iii) pharmacokinetics-based interpretation of drug effects; iv) simultaneous biomarker evaluation in the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma; and v) specific attention to condition-dependent (e.g., disease) pharmacology. Such approach is considered essential to increase our understanding of central nervous system (CNS) drug effects and substantially improve CNS drug development.

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Section: Dopaminergic Treatment Effects On the Neuroendocrine And Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Access to the CNS: Biomarker Strategies for Dopaminergic Treatments

et al. 2018

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Pituitary Gene Signalling Pathway

Cooper

Fukuoka

2016

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The anterior pituitary contains five trophic hormone‐secreting cells, including adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)‐secreting corticotrophs, luteinising hormone (LH)‐/follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH)‐secreting gonadotrophs, thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH)‐secreting thyrotrophs, growth hormone (GH)‐secreting somatotrophs and prolactin (PRL)‐secreting lactotrophs. Each cell is differentiated from stem cells by intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Pituitary hormone synthesis and secretion is strictly regulated by stimulating hormone, mainly from the hypothalamus, and suppressing hormone, predominantly from peripheral tissues, as a negative feedback system. Pituitary adenomas are the most common pathological state in the anterior pituitary. Several impaired signalling pathways related with pituitary tumourigenesis have been shown in human and animal studies. These include cAMP‐PKA signalling pathway, cell cycle signalling pathway and epigenetic changes. These disruptions could induce not only pituitary cell proliferation but also hormone hypersecretion. Key Concepts The pituitary gland contains five trophic cells. These cells are differentiated from stem cells by intrinsic and extrinsic signallings. Hormone synthesis and secretion is regulated by stimulatory and inhibitory signallings. Pituitary adenomas are the most common pathological state in the anterior pituitary. Human and animal studies identified several genes related to pituitary adenomas. Impaired cAMP‐PKA and/or cell cycle signalling pathway has an important role in pituitary tumourigenesis. Epigenetic changes deregulate gene signallings related to pituitary tumourigenesis.

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Pro‐opiomelanocortin gene: A model for negative regulation of transcription by glucocorticoids

Drouin

Charron

Gagner

et al. 1987

J of Cellular Biochemistry

102

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The gene encoding pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) offers an interesting model system to study negative control of transcription in eucaryotes. Indeed, glucocorticoid hormones specifically inhibit transcription of the POMC gene in the anterior pituitary. The POMC gene is predominantly expressed in the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary. However, only anterior pituitary POMC transcription is inhibited by glucocorticoids and stimulated by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Rat POMC promoter sequences required for anterior pituitary-specific expression were localized between positions -480 and -34 base pairs (bp) by DNA-mediated gene transfer into the POMC-expressing tumor cells. AtT-20. These POMC promoter sequences also confer glucocorticoid inhibition of transcription. While two of the six in vitro binding sites for purified glucocorticoid receptor identified in the rat POMC gene are within these sequences, only one is required for glucocorticoid inhibition; this binding site is located at position -63 bp in the promoter and overlaps a putative CCAAT box sequence. The DNA sequence of the POMC -63 bp receptor binding site is homologous to receptor binding sites identified in the glucocorticoid responsive element (GRE) of glucocorticoid-inducible genes. However, DNA sequence divergencies between these sites, in particular within the conserved hexanucleotide sequence 5'-TGTYCT-3', may be involved in their opposite transcriptional activity. Alternatively, binding of the receptor in the promoter proximal region of the POMC gene may inhibit transcription by a hormone-dependent repressor mechanism.

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Multiple factors involved in the control of ACTH and α-MSH secretion

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Access to the CNS: Biomarker Strategies for Dopaminergic Treatments

Access to the CNS: Biomarker Strategies for Dopaminergic Treatments

Pituitary Gene Signalling Pathway

Pro‐opiomelanocortin gene: A model for negative regulation of transcription by glucocorticoids

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