Multiple drainage can deliver higher rice yield and lower methane emission in paddy fields in An Giang Province, Vietnam

Uno, Kenichi; Ishido, Kenji; Xuan, Loc Nguyen; Huu, Chiem Nguyen; Minamikawa, Kazunori

doi:10.1007/s10333-021-00861-8

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Conventional practices without biochar application released 18.6 g CH 4 m −2 and 0.39 g N 2 O m −2 ( Table 3 ). These values are in accordance with previous findings conducted in the VMD ( Vo et al 2020 ; Minamikawa et al 2021 ; Uno et al 2021 ). Notably, RhB and MB amendments under typically local water management, and conventional practices significantly reduced CH 4 flux by 24.2 % in RhB5, 28.0 % in RhB10, 22.0 % in MB5, 14.1 % in MB10 and N 2 O flux by 38.5 % in RhB5, 56.4 % in RhB10, 25.6 % in MB5, 41.0 % in MB10, and slightly improved rice yield (2.41-4.21%) ( Table 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The trend of water levels variation was similar over treatments. Water was irrigated from 7 DAS, reflooded 3-5 cm from soil surface for fertilizing (9, 23, and 38 DAS), and respective multiple drainage practices (−10 to 5 cm) ( Uno et al ., 2021 ) was carried out for the remaining periods. Fifteen days before harvesting (70 DAS), the soil was drained and kept saturated to minimize rice lodging and easy-to-harvest grain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of biochar incorporation on reducing GHGs emissions, little attention has been paid to the quantitative variation of rice husk biochar (RhB) and melaleuca biochar (MB) on GHGs emissions and soil improvement in VMD lowland conditions. Moreover, the majority of previous studies exclusively emphasize CH 4 and N 2 O emissions on water practices by controlled irrigation, and alternative wetting and drying, and midseason drainage ( Yang et al 2019 , Sriphirom et al 2020 , Uno et al 2021 ), while atypical water irrigation regime has not been thoroughly elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH4 and N2O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties

Thao

Huu

et al. 2022

F1000Res

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Background: Biochar is a promising material in mitigating greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from paddy fields due to its remarkable structural properties. Rice husk biochar (RhB) and melaleuca biochar (MB) are amendment materials that could be used to potentially reduce emissions in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). However, their effects on CH4 and N2O emissions and soil under local water management and conventional rice cultivation have not been thoroughly investigated. Methods: We conducted a field experiment using biochar additions to the topsoil layer (0-20 cm). Five treatments comprising 0 t ha-1 (CT0); 5 t ha-1 (RhB5) and 10 t ha-1 (RhB10), and 5 t ha-1 (MB5) and 10 t ha-1 (MB10) were designed plot-by-plot (20 m2) in triplicates. Results: The results showed that biochar application from 5 to 10 t ha-1 significantly decreased cumulative CH4 (24.2-28.0%, RhB; 22.0-14.1%, MB) and N2O (25.6-41.0%, RhB; 38.4–56.4%, MB) fluxes without a reduction in grain yield. Increasing the biochar application rate further did not decrease significantly total CH4 and N2O fluxes but was seen to significantly reduce the global warming potential (GWP) and yield-scale GWP in the RhB treatments. Biochar application improved soil Eh but had no effects on soil pH. Whereas CH4 flux correlated negatively with soil Eh (P < 0.001; r2 = 0.552, RhB; P < 0.001; r2 = 0.502, MB). Ameliorating soil aeration and functions by adding RhB and MB resulted in improving soil physicochemical properties, especially significant SOM and AN boosting, which indicate better soil health, structure, and fertility. Conclusions: Biochar supplementation significantly reduced CH4 and N2O fluxes and improved soil mineralization and physicochemical properties toward beneficial for rice plants. The results suggest that the optimal combination of biochar-application rates and effective water-irrigation techniques for soil types in the MD should be further studied in future works.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH4 and N2O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties

Thao

Huu

et al. 2022

F1000Res

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“…Variability of N-NH 4 + , TN, SOM, and TP during rice growth was comparable to the previous studies undertaken in the lowland soils of the MD (Minamikawa et al, 2021;Vo et al, 2018;Uno et al, 2021). According to Hung et al (2016) and Tanaka et al (2014), soil properties in our study were characterized by medium-high TN, high N-NH 4 + , low-to-medium SOM, and high-to-very high TP. Thus, with respect to ensuring soil responsiveness to rice nutrient demand, reducing the N and P fertilizer application rate, and increasing SOM to a feasible degree should be considered in conventional rice practices in the Vietnamese MD.…”

Section: Variation Of Soil Nutrients In Rice Paddy Fieldssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Thus, organic matter ineffectively contributed to nutrient availability in the soil. In the soil, change of SOM depends on temperature, pH, microbial growth, soil management, organic matter amendment, and C/N ratio (Tanaka et al, 2014).…”

Section: Variation Of Soil Nutrients In Rice Paddy Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient dynamics in water and soil under conventional rice cultivation in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

2021

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Background The evaluation of nutrient variability plays a crucial role in accessing soil potentials and practical intervention responses in rice production systems. Synthetic fertilizer applications and cultivation practices are considered key factors affecting nutrient dynamics and availability. Here, we assessed the nutrient dynamics in surface, subsurface water and soil under local water management and conventional rice cultivation practices in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Methods We implemented a field experiment (200 m 2) in the 2018 wet season and the 2019 dry season in a triple rice-cropping field. Eight samples of surface water, subsurface water (30–45 cm), and topsoil (0–20 cm) were collected and analysed during the rice-growing seasons. Results The results showed that N-NH 4+, P-PO 43- and total P peaks were achieved after fertilizing. Irrespective of seasons, the nutrient content in surface water was always greater than that of subsurface water (P<0.001), with the exception of N-NO 3-, which was insignificant (P>0.05). When comparing the wet and dry seasons, nutrient concentrations exhibited minor differences (P>0.05). Under conventional rice cultivation, the effects of synthetic fertilizer topdressing on the total N, soil organic matter (SOM), and total P were negligible in the soil. Higher rates of N fertilizer application did not significantly increase soil N-NH 4+, total N, yet larger P fertilizer amounts substantially enhanced soil total P (P<0.001). Conclusions Under conventional rice cultivation, N-NH 4+, P-PO 43- and total P losses mainly occur through runoff rather than leaching. While N-NO 3- loss is similar in surface water and subsurface water. Notably, nutrient content in soil was high; whilst SOM was seen to be low-to-medium between seasons. Future work should consider the nutrient balance and dynamic simulation in the lowland soil of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta’s paddy fields.

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Carbon Footprint Reduction from Closing Rice Yield Gaps

Nguyen-Van-Hung,

Ha-An,

Singleton

et al. 2023

Closing Rice Yield Gaps in Asia

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Rice production significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), especially methane (CH4) emissions at various cropping stages. A major source of methane emissions is the decomposition of fertilizers and organic residues in flooded fields during the irrigation cycle. CORIGAP technologies and practices are mainly associated with closing yield gaps by increasing productivity and profitability but have been co-designed to address climatic challenges and to minimize negative environmental impacts. Therefore, over the last decade, the CORIGAP interventions not only helped to reduce yield gaps substantially but also resulted in a significant reduction of the carbon footprint (CF) in rice production. This chapter starts with an in-depth synthesis of scientific-based evidence and knowledge on challenges and constraints to reducing rice CF in CORIGAP countries. The chapter introduces solutions that have been proven to reduce GHGE, in particular, Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), rice-straw management, mechanization, and postharvest management. The latter two approaches include laser land leveling, mechanized direct seeding and transplanting, and paddy grain drying will be described in more detail. In addition, life cycle assessments will outline the quantification of the carbon footprint in rice production, for these specific technologies. The chapter presents three country case studies (Thailand, Indonesia, and Vietnam) from data collected through CORIGAP activities to estimate GHGE reductions associated with implementation of best practices for lowland irrigated rice production. Lastly, this chapter provides the outcomes related to GHGE reduction and offers specific recommendations that can be easily implemented in other countries.

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Multiple drainage can deliver higher rice yield and lower methane emission in paddy fields in An Giang Province, Vietnam

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH4 and N2O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties

Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH4 and N2O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties

Nutrient dynamics in water and soil under conventional rice cultivation in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Carbon Footprint Reduction from Closing Rice Yield Gaps

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