Multiple Descriptions Based on Multirate Coding for JPEG 2000 and H.264/AVC

Abstract

Multiple description coding (MDC) makes use of redundant representations of multimedia data to achieve resiliency. Descriptions should be generated so that the quality obtained when decoding a subset of them only depends on their number and not on the particular received subset. In this paper, we propose a method based on the principle of encoding the source at several rates, and properly blending the data encoded at different rates to generate the descriptions. The aim is to achieve efficient redundancy exploitation, and easy adaptation to different network scenarios by means of fine tuning of the encoder parameters. We apply this principle to both JPEG 2000 images and H.264/AVC video data. We consider as the reference scenario the distribution of contents on application-layer overlays with multiple-tree topology. The experimental results reveal that our method favorably compares with state-of-art MDC techniques.

A high video quality Multiple Description Coding scheme for lossy channels

“…To select another existing MDC method which preserves the spatial-temporal resolution of the source, to compare against MLMDC, were considered [7] [10] [13]. Among these, and based on the discussion in Section 2, [10] provides subjectively better side quality compared to [7] and [13] and is chosen for our comparison.…”

“…In quantization based MDC, the redundant data is the coarse quantized (lower-rate) representation of the primary data. The lower rate part might be GOP [7], a frame [13], or a slice of MBs [10]. In [7], a GOP is encoded multiple times but in different rates, one for each description and the lower rate descriptions are discarded in the side and central decoders.…”

“…The lower rate part might be GOP [7], a frame [13], or a slice of MBs [10]. In [7], a GOP is encoded multiple times but in different rates, one for each description and the lower rate descriptions are discarded in the side and central decoders. The generated descriptions are unbalanced for each GOP and switching between descriptions is carried out when receiving an Intra frame.…”

“…In [13], each description contains the frames that alternatively are high quality (fine quantization) and low quality (coarse quantization); therefore, the single description video is not subjectively satisfactory. In [10], each frame is composed of high rate and low rate slices and, in contrast to [7] and [13], the descriptions are almost balanced with respect to rate and distortion. In MDTC, for both image and video, some of the DCT coefficients are paired and combined by a correlating transform and the transformed coefficients are sent to the decoder.…”

Model-based low bit-rate video coding for resource-deficient wireless visual communication

“…MDC has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the error resilience of a video delivery system. However, most of the existing video MDC techniques [14][15][16][17]19,[27][28][29] are not compliant to existing video coding standards, either being completely different approaches or requiring a significant degree of modifications to an existing standard. Moreover, since introducing redundancy for error resilience, the compression efficiency of MDC based schemes is usually lower than the conventional video coding standard.…”