Multiple deprivation, vision loss, and ophthalmic disease in adults: global perspectives

Lane, Mark A.; Lane, Victoria; Abbott, Joseph A.; Braithwaite, Tasanee; Shah, Peter; Denniston, Alastair K

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.10.009

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 273 publications

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“…First, many people with VI are known to have lower socioeconomic status and to be more prone to social isolation and dependency. 33 This makes it easier for a perpetrator to assert power and control over the victim. 10 Being dependent on other people in care or service situations, which may be the case especially for some of those having additional impairments, may provide for closeness and intimacy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual assaults in individuals with visual impairment: a cross-sectional study of a Norwegian sample

Brunes

Heir

2018

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of sexual assaults among individuals with visual impairment (VI) compared with the general population and to investigate the association between sexual assault and outcomes of self-efficacy and life satisfaction.DesignCross-sectional interview-based study conducted between February and May 2017.ParticipantsA probability sample of adults with VI (≥18 years) who were members of the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially Sighted. A total of 736 (61%) members participated, of whom 55% were of female gender. We obtained norm data for sexual assaults from a representative survey of the general Norwegian population.Outcome measuresSexual assaults (Life Event Checklist for DSM-5), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale) and life satisfaction (Cantril’s Ladder of Life Satisfaction).ResultsThe prevalence of sexual assaults (rape, attempted rape and forced into sexual acts) in the VI population was 17.4% (95% CI 14.0 to 21.4) among women and 2.4% (95% CI 1.2 to 4.7) among men. For women, the VI population had higher rates of sexual assaults across age strata than the general population. For men, no significant differences were found. In the population of people with VI, the risk of sexual assault was greater for those having other impairments in addition to the vision loss. Individuals with VI who experienced sexual assaults had lower levels of self-efficacy (adjusted relative risk (ARR): 0.18, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.61) and life satisfaction (ARR: 0.31, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.50) than others.ConclusionsThe risk of experiencing sexual assault appears to be higher in individuals with VI than in the general population. Preventive measures as well as psychosocial care for those who have been exposed are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual assaults in individuals with visual impairment: a cross-sectional study of a Norwegian sample

Brunes

Heir

2018

BMJ Open

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“…Koh et al [118] presented an automated DR tool to identify normal and pathological images based on energy and entropies with a sensitivity and specificity of 89.37% and 95.58%, respectively. A comprehensive study about the causes and automated screening of different retinal pathologies, like DR, cataract, and glaucoma, in a younger and adult population were discussed in [119]. Their review may be useful in finding a novel hypothesis for the screening of retinopathies.…”

Section: Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Development on Detection Methods for the Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy

Qureshi

Abbas

2019

Symmetry

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes that exists throughout the world. DR occurs due to a high ratio of glucose in the blood, which causes alterations in the retinal microvasculature. Without preemptive symptoms of DR, it leads to complete vision loss. However, early screening through computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) tools and proper treatment have the ability to control the prevalence of DR. Manual inspection of morphological changes in retinal anatomic parts are tedious and challenging tasks. Therefore, many CAD systems were developed in the past to assist ophthalmologists for observing inter- and intra-variations. In this paper, a recent review of state-of-the-art CAD systems for diagnosis of DR is presented. We describe all those CAD systems that have been developed by various computational intelligence and image processing techniques. The limitations and future trends of current CAD systems are also described in detail to help researchers. Moreover, potential CAD systems are also compared in terms of statistical parameters to quantitatively evaluate them. The comparison results indicate that there is still a need for accurate development of CAD systems to assist in the clinical diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy.

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“…Moreover, the blindness from cataract was focused unequally: impoverished and less developed countries had a higher rate of cataract and worse cataract service indicators (2,10,11). A review of the available literature identified inequalities in cataract service indicators, such as cataract surgical rate (CSR) and cataract surgical coverage (CSC) in different countries, including Iran (10,12,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal inequity in the utilization of cataract surgery in Iran: Shahroud Eye Cohort Study, 2009-2014

Raznahan

Emamian

Alipour

et al. 2019

Med. J. Islam. Republ. Iran

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Background: Since there was no evidence about economic inequity in utilization of cataract surgery in developing countries, such as Iran, this study was designed to measure horizontal inequity in the utilization of cataract surgery and its changes in an Iranian middleaged population in 2009 and 2014. Methods: Using data from the first and second phases of Shahroud Eye Cohort Study (2009-2014), the economic inequity in the utilization of cataract surgery in an Iranian middle-aged population aged 40-64 years in 2009 and 2014 was evaluated. The horizontal inequity index (HI) was determined using the indirect standardization method based on a nonlinear (probit) model and the concentration index (C) was decomposed into the contribution of each factor. The analyses were performed using STATA software version 12/SE, and significance level was set at less than 0.05. Results: The HI in the utilization of cataract surgery increased from 0.080 (95% CI: 0.011-0.098) in 2009 to 0.166 (95% CI: 0.0821-0.228) in 2014. Decomposition of changes in the concentration index showed that among need and non-need variables, older age and economic status (being among the wealthiest 20%) were the greatest contributors, with shares of 67.5% and 57.5%%, respectively, which led to pro-rich inequity during the study periods. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that utilization of cataract surgery did not have an equal distribution among economic quintiles, despite considering equal needs based on cataract severity. Results demonstrated that older age and economic status were the greatest contributors to HI increase in 2009 and 2014.

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Multiple deprivation, vision loss, and ophthalmic disease in adults: global perspectives

Cited by 31 publications

References 273 publications

Sexual assaults in individuals with visual impairment: a cross-sectional study of a Norwegian sample

Sexual assaults in individuals with visual impairment: a cross-sectional study of a Norwegian sample

Recent Development on Detection Methods for the Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy

Horizontal inequity in the utilization of cataract surgery in Iran: Shahroud Eye Cohort Study, 2009-2014

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