Multiple Breeds and Countries’ Predictions of Mineral Contents in Milk from Milk Mid-Infrared Spectrometry

Abstract

Measuring the mineral composition of milk is of major interest in the dairy sector. This study aims to develop and validate robust multi-breed and multi-country models predicting the major minerals through milk mid-infrared spectrometry using partial least square regressions. A total of 1281 samples coming from five countries were analyzed to obtain spectra and in ICP-AES to measure the mineral reference contents. Models were built from records coming from four countries (n = 1181) and validated using records from the fifth country, Austria (n = 100). The importance of including local samples was tested by integrating 30 Austrian samples in the model while validating with the remaining 70 samples. The best performances were achieved using this second set of models, confirming the need to cover the spectral variability of a country before making a prediction. Validation root mean square errors were 54.56, 63.60, 7.30, 59.87, and 152.89 mg/kg for Na, Ca, Mg, P, and K, respectively. The built models were applied on the Walloon milk recording large-scale spectral database, including 3,510,077. The large-scale predictions on this dairy herd improvement database provide new insight regarding the minerals’ variability in the population, as well as the effect of parity, stage of lactation, breeds, and seasons.

Quality characteristics and nutrient contents of Bactrian camel milk as determined by mid‐infrared spectroscopy

“…An alternative methodology is the use of mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS), which can be used to determine the contents of traits in milk and has been widely used in Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) laboratories. In terms of cow milk determination, there are numerous literature reports on the use of MIRS to predict the mineral (Christophe et al 2021), lactoferrin (Nayeri et al 2020;Soyeurt et al 2020) and fatty acid (Fleming et al 2018;Lopez-Villalobos et al 2020) contents of cow milk. Du et al (2021) and Shijie et al (2021) established cow pregnancy, a-S1-casein and j-casein prediction models.…”

“…In terms of cow milk determination, there are numerous literature reports on the use of MIRS to predict the mineral (Christophe et al . 2021), lactoferrin (Nayeri et al . 2020; Soyeurt et al .…”

Fourier transform mid-infrared milk screening to improve milk production and processing

“…Many prediction equations have been developed by the scientific community. With increased consumer demand for healthier food, it could be beneficial to highlight the contents of other bioactive molecules in milk by using the FT-MIR predictions of milk fatty acids, protein fractions ( Franzoi et al, 2019 ), minerals ( Christophe et al, 2021 ), or lactoferrin ( Soyeurt et al, 2020 ). Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra are also useful for assessing the technological properties of milk ( Bonfatti et al, 2016 ).…”