“…This study employed a nonconcurrent, multiple-baseline, multiple-probe design as well as a one-group pretest-posttest design (Barlow, Hersen, & Jackson, 1973;Barlow, Nock, & Hersen, 2009;Gast, Lloyd, & Ledford, 2014;Watson & Workman, 1981). The noted designs involve repeated measurements of an outcome over time using a single subject or groups, followed by identification of effects by comparisons of individual or group outcomes in the presence or absence of treatment, across time (Pustejovsky, Hedges, & Shadish, 2014).…”