Multiple Attributed Parametric Review Study on Mechanical Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Harvesters

Abstract

Crop characteristics of cotton are crucial to identify the important crop attributes like plant height, canopy width, sympods and monopods distribution, row spacing which affects the performance of mechanical harvesters. The activity and effectiveness of most harvest aids, including desiccants is reduced by low temperature conditions. Trash content was observed to be lesser in cotton harvested by cotton picker than cotton harvested by cotton stripper. It was found that a maximum cotton yield of 1000 kg acre-1 was obtained for a cotton plant population ranging between 45,000 and 90,000 plants acre-1. Likewise, a minimum of 700 to 740 kg acre-1 was observed for a cotton plant population of 33,000 plants acre-1. In higher yielding cotton, cotton pickers recorded higher picking rate than cotton strippers. Picking/harvesting efficiency of cotton stripper with both finger and brush type mechanism was higher than the spindle type cotton picker. Picking efficiency of pneumatic picker was higher than the other types of picking mechanisms, but with lesser rate of picking capacity. Gin turnout of cotton was higher with cotton picker when compared with cotton stripper due to lesser trash content in picker harvested cotton. The horsepower requirement of cotton stripper ranged from ½ to ¼ horsepower and cost is about two-thirds of the price as compared with cotton picker. The scheduling and monitoring of various activities involved in cotton picking by using a suitable software model can increase the benefits of both growers and harvesting companies. The reduction in uniformity with roller gin-type lint cleaners ranged between 0.2 to 0.8%, which was lesser as compared with saw-type lint cleaners. Introducing mechanical harvesting has always been a decades-long process. In Turkey, it took 20 years and in Greece, this process took place very gradually over a 15-year period. Top cotton producing countries like India, Pakistan, China, Uzbekistan and other developing countries like Iran Paraguay are still not using machine harvesting. The introduction of mechanical cotton picker or stripper can help improve quality and quantity of cotton picking thereby giving more benefit to growers in developing countries and improving their socio-economic status. The most controversial issue raised by the introduction of the mechanical cotton harvester is great migration as the machines eliminated jobs and forced poor families to leave their homes and farms in search for urban jobs. Therefore Government policies towards cotton harvesting mechanization must include the alternative jobs, packages for dependent manual cotton pickers and their families.

Engineering canopy architecture with enhanced yield through variety, geometry alterations and PGRs suiting mechanized cotton cultivation

“…The choice of cotton variety and their characteristics of the crop, such as plant height, canopy width, number of branches, boll dimensions, and bracts angle, signi cantly in uence the performance of cotton pickers (Nowrouzieh et al, 2022). Similarly, different plant spacing can affect growth parameters, yield attributes, and seed cotton yield and play a crucial role in determining the performance of mechanical harvesters (Rupinder and Karun, 2022;Khadija et al, 2022). Studies have shown that the use of mepiquat chloride can signi cantly impact plant morphological traits, yield improvement, and ber quality in cotton, leading to enhanced harvesting e ciency (Dharani et al, 2022; Uma Maheswari et al, 2019).…”

Asparagine and nitric oxide jointly enhance antioxidant capacity and nitrogen metabolism to improve drought resistance in cotton: Evidence from long‐term field trials

“…The underlying causes behind the improvement observed in the study with the application of these compounds on cotton production during drought stress are not specified in the existing literature and have yet to be thoroughly investigated. However, potential explanations for the enhancements in cotton boll seed weight, the yield of seed cotton, boll numbers, and ginning turnout percentage might include boosted plant growth and development, a reduction in premature flower and boll drop, and an enhancement in photosynthesis activity (Chandel & Sharma, 2022; Shaukat et al, 2021). The application of both compounds in combination showed a significant improvement in various agronomic characteristics, which may be a result of their synergistic effect working together to enhance plant growth and development, reduce flower and boll drop, and improve photosynthesis activity (Shavkiev et al, 2020).…”

A novel smoke detection algorithm based on improved mixed Gaussian and YOLOv5 for textile workshop environments

“…Most of the raw materials in the production of cotton spinning enterprises have a comparatively low ignition point, which may lead fire [1,2]. For example, the ignition point of cotton is 210 • C, and cotton fiber in a loose state is only 150 • C, which burns 15% to 26% faster than wood [3,4]. Especially in the production sites of textile enterprises, there are widely scattered and loose cotton, cotton rolls and cotton slivers.…”