Multipion Bose-Einstein correlations in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:math>-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Adam, J.; Antičić, T.; Erhardt, F.; Gotovac, S.; Mudnić, E.; Planinić, M.; Poljak, N.; Simatovic, G.; Utrobicic, A.; Vickovic, L.; Zyzak, M.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.93.054908

Cited by 33 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…In the presence of coherent emission, the strength of BE correlations is expected to be suppressed. A 6σ suppression of four-pion BE correlations was recently found in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC with ALICE [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Both of these uncertainties make it practically impossible to determine the presence of coherent emission from two-pion correlations alone. However, both uncertainties were found to largely cancel in the comparison of measured to built multipion BE correlations [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For the rest of this letter we only consider charged pion correlation functions since the LHC measurement was done exclusively so [1]. The multipion phases [11,12] are neglected as the measurement of the r 3 function, constructed to isolate the three-pion phase, did not indicate a significant decrease with Q 3 [13].…”

Section: Three-and Four-pion Quantum Statistics Correlation Funcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multipion correlations induced by isospin conservation of coherent emission

Gangadharan

2016

Physics Letters B

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Recent measurements have revealed a significant suppression of multipion Bose-Einstein correlations in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. The suppression may be explained by postulating coherent pion emission. Typically, the suppression of Bose-Einstein correlations due to coherence is taken into account with the coherent state formalism in quantum optics. However, since charged pion correlations are most often measured, the additional constraint of isospin conservation, which is absent in quantum optics, needs to be taken into account. As a consequence, correlations emerge between pions of opposite charge. A calculation of the correlations induced by isospin conservation of coherent emission is made for two, three-and four-pion correlation functions and compared to the data from the LHC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Three-and Four-pion Quantum Statistics Correlation Funcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multipion correlations induced by isospin conservation of coherent emission

Gangadharan

2016

Physics Letters B

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“…An interesting insight into the problem of QCD ground state can be offered by the low-p ⊥ (<200 MeV) spectra of pions measured at the LHC, which show up to ∼30%-50% enhancement compared to the hydrodynamic models (see Refs. [87][88][89]). A possible interpretation could be found in the framework of a hypothesis about hadronization and freeze-out processes in chemical non-equilibrium [90].…”

Section: The Role Of the Qcd Ground Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomenological Review on Quark–Gluon Plasma: Concepts vs. Observations

2017

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Abstract:In this review, we present an up-to-date phenomenological summary of research developments in the physics of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). A short historical perspective and theoretical motivation for this rapidly developing field of contemporary particle physics is provided. In addition, we introduce and discuss the role of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) ground state, non-perturbative and lattice QCD results on the QGP properties, as well as the transport models used to make a connection between theory and experiment. The experimental part presents the selected results on bulk observables, hard and penetrating probes obtained in the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion experiments carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (BNL RHIC) and CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) accelerators. We also give a brief overview of new developments related to the ongoing searches of the QCD critical point and to the collectivity in small (p + p and p + A) systems.

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“…The existing estimates for the typical density of the pion fireball are contradictory [26,43] yielding values varying in a broad range, from n ∼ 0.8 n 0 to 2.5 n 0 for LHC en-ergies. Recently, experimentalists in the ALICE Collaboration observed a significant suppression of threeand four-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at √ s N N = 2.76 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [44,45]. This may indicate that there is a considerable degree of coherent pion emission in relativistic heavy-ion collisions [46,47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluctuations in non-ideal pion gas with dynamically fixed particle number

Kolomeitsev

Voskresensky

2018

Nuclear Physics A

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We study the behavior of the non-ideal pion gas with the dynamically fixed number of particles, formed on an intermediate stage in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The pion spectrum is calculated within the self-consistent Hartree approximation. General expressions are derived for cross-covariances of the number of various particle species in the pion gas of an arbitrary isospin composition. The behavior of the cross-variances is analyzed for the temperature approaching from above the maximal critical temperature of the Bose-Einstein condensation for the pion species a = ±, 0, i.e. for T > max T a cr . It is shown that in case of the system with equal averaged numbers of isospin species, the variance of the charge, Q = N+ − N−, diverges at T → Tcr = T a cr , whereas variances of the total particle number, N = N+ + N− + N0, and of a relative abundance of charged and neutral pions, G = (N+ + N−)/2 − N0, remain finite in the critical point. Then fluctuations are studied in the pion gas with small isospin imbalance 0 < |G| ≪ N and 0 < |Q| ≪ N and shifts of the effective masses, chemical potentials and values of critical temperatures are calculated for various pion species, and the highest critical temperature, maxT a cr is found, above which the pion system exists in the non-condensed phase. Various pion cross variances are calculated for T > maxT a cr , which prove to be strongly dependent on the isospin composition of the system, whereas the variances of N and G are found to be independent on the isospin imbalance up to the term linear in G/N and Q/N .

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Multipion Bose-Einstein correlations inpp,p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Cited by 33 publications

References 81 publications

Multipion correlations induced by isospin conservation of coherent emission

Multipion correlations induced by isospin conservation of coherent emission

Phenomenological Review on Quark–Gluon Plasma: Concepts vs. Observations

Fluctuations in non-ideal pion gas with dynamically fixed particle number

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