Multiphase numerical modeling and investigation of heat transfer for quenching of spherical particles in liquid pool

Narayan, Nithin Mohan; Moqadam, Saeedeh Imani; Ellendt, N.; Fritsching, Udo

doi:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2022.108016

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…By using an additivity rule [30,32] and the transfer to the geometry by meshing (FE), varying continuous cooling curves can be calculated. If the respective local volume fractions of the microstructural constituents are known, the local hardness (HV) can be calculated based on the mixing rule, see Equation (6), where V M , V B , V P , V F , and V A are the respective volume fractions of microstructural constituents such as martensite, bainite, pearlite, ferrite, and austenite; the H M , H B , H P , H F , and H A are the corresponding hardnesses. As seen in Equation ( 6), the mixing rule requires the input of the hardnesses of the individual microstructural constituents.…”

Section: Finite Element Methods (Fem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a uniform cooling process can be attained in gas quenching. Typically, the liquid quenching results in higher local thermal gradients in the specimen [6,7], eventually leading to material distortions. Moreover, gas quenching does not require any additional cleaning of the probes or preparation after quenching, which helps to save resources and energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artificial Intelligence Modeling of the Heterogeneous Gas Quenching Process for Steel Batches Based on Numerical Simulations and Experiments

Narayan,

Landgraf,

Lampke

et al. 2024

Dynamics

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High-pressure gas quenching is widely used in the metals industry during the heat treatment processing of steel specimens to improve their material properties. In a gas quenching process, a preheated austenised metal specimen is rapidly cooled with a gas such as nitrogen, helium, etc. The resulting microstructure relies on the temporal and spatial thermal history during the quenching. As a result, the corresponding material properties such as hardness are achieved. Challenges reside with the selection of the proper process parameters. This research focuses on the heat treatment of steel sample batches. The gas quenching process is fundamentally investigated in experiments and numerical simulations. Experiments are carried out to determine the heat transfer coefficient and the cooling curves as well as the local flow fields. Quenched samples are analyzed to derive the material hardness. CFD and FEM models numerically determine the conjugate heat transfer, flow behavior, cooling curve, and material hardness. In a novel approach, the experimental and simulation results are adopted to train artificial neural networks (ANNs), which allow us to predict the required process parameters for a targeted material property. The steels 42CrMo4 (1.7225) and 100Cr6 (1.3505) are investigated, nitrogen is the quenching gas, and geometries such as a disc, disc with a hole and ring are considered for batch series production.

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Section: Finite Element Methods (Fem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence Modeling of the Heterogeneous Gas Quenching Process for Steel Batches Based on Numerical Simulations and Experiments

Narayan,

Landgraf,

Lampke

et al. 2024

Dynamics

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The model is validated with the experimental data and can successfully simulate all quenching regions during the cooling. Further details about the model can be found in [16], [17] and [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the local Heat Transfer of Quenching moving Metal Sheets made of different materials using Flat Spray Nozzles

Mehdi

Ryll

Specht

2023

Preprint

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Experimental investigations have been performed for the cooling of hot moving metal sheets of thickness 2 mm and 5 mm with the initial temperature of 500°C to 800°C by two flat spray nozzles. Tap water at room temperature is used as a coolant. Experiments are carried out for nickel, nicrofer, and aluminum alloy AA6082 with varying sheet velocity ( 5,10,15 mm/s) and nozzle inclination angle (45°,65°,90°). The temperature distribution on the backside of the sheet during the cooling is recorded with a high-speed infrared camera. The recorded thermal data are used in the inverse heat conduction analysis to estimate the local heat fluxes and temperatures on the quenched surface. The thermal images obtained are used to analyze the length of the pre-cooling, transition boiling, and nucleate boiling. The maximum heat flux, the DNB temperature, and the rewetting temperature are presented for researched parameters. The nozzle inclination angle has a weak influence. The higher the velocity and the thickness of the sheet are, the higher the maximum heat flux and the shorter the pre-cooling region. The reason is that the position of the max. heat flux is shifted downstream near to impingement region.

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Investigation of the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic behavior of the liquid jet quenching process

Narayan,

Fritsching

2024

Heat Mass Transfer

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Liquid jet quenching of metals is typically adopted to achieve specific material properties of metals, thereby making them suitable for advanced engineering applications. In this process, a metal plate is heated and cooled rapidly by impinging water jets. The temperature history during cooling leads to a microstructural transformation thereby improving the material properties such as hardness. During liquid jet quenching, since the plate surface temperature is above the Leidenfrost temperature, the boiling heat transfer dominates. This is associated with an intense cooling and water vapor generation, where the Leidenfrost effect impedes the immediate wetting of the surface. The resulting uneven cooling over the plate surface tends to potential deformation and cracking. To control this process, a detailed understanding of the spatial and the temporal heat transfer behavior is imperative. Experiments in this context are limited and therefore investigating the conjugate heat transfer process is to be combined with a multi-phase numerical model. The two-phase numerical model based on the Euler-Euler approach is developed and validated to simulate the jet quenching of a stationary plate considering all the boiling regimes within a single framework. This model consists of two phases, the liquid water which is the continuous phase (primary) and the water vapor modeled as the dispersed phase (secondary). In this study, a circular water jet (tap water) impact is considered and the plate materials under investigation are aluminum alloy (Al-alloy) and stainless steel (St-steel). Experiments are performed using infrared and high-speed imaging. The validated numerical model provides the technical parameters such as wetting front behavior, heat flux, HTC (heat transfer coefficient) etc. The influence of the jet Reynolds number and the plate material properties on the heat transfer is analysed. The study emphasizes that the plate material has a significantly higher influence on the heat transfer during jet quenching. Graphical abstract

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Multiphase numerical modeling and investigation of heat transfer for quenching of spherical particles in liquid pool

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Artificial Intelligence Modeling of the Heterogeneous Gas Quenching Process for Steel Batches Based on Numerical Simulations and Experiments

Artificial Intelligence Modeling of the Heterogeneous Gas Quenching Process for Steel Batches Based on Numerical Simulations and Experiments

Analysis of the local Heat Transfer of Quenching moving Metal Sheets made of different materials using Flat Spray Nozzles

Investigation of the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic behavior of the liquid jet quenching process

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