Multiphase CFD modelling for enclosure fires—A review on past studies and future perspectives

Yuen, Anthony; Cordeiro, Ivan Miguel De Cachinho; Chen, Timothy Bo Yuan; Chen, Qian; Liu, Hengrui; Yeoh, Guan Heng

doi:10.1007/s42757-021-0116-4

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…FDS is suitable for modelling low-speed (Mach number smaller than 0.3) fire-driven fluid flows [27]. The large eddy simulation (LES) approach is widely used in modelling for airflows in buildings [28] and building fire simulations [18,19]. FDS is used to assess the geometry of a fire compartment with a single opening and model the fire characteristics under various airflow conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yuen et al [18] and Yuen et al [19] state that in the presence of no or low wind, a fire will freely burn vertically, and buoyancy dominates over the momentum/velocity generated within a fire plume. At upper levels of a high-rise building where wind speed is nonnegligible, external winds can have a significant effect on the fire flame/plume from an opening (e.g., a façade or a window frame).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wind Effect on External Fire Spread through Openings under the Protection of Horizontal Projections or Vertical Spandrels—A Numerical Study

Tang,

Tian,

Chen

et al. 2024

Fire

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A numerical investigation has been conducted to analyse the effect of wind on the vertical spread of fire through a front opening in a building’s external walls. The study utilises a building geometry established from previous experimental work conducted by the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC). A horizontal projection or a vertical spandrel is introduced above the opening of the compartment of fire origin. The purpose of the projection or spandrel is to inhibit the vertical spread of the fire, following the relevant requirements in the Australian National Construction Code (NCC). A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package for fire-driven fluid flow, namely the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), is employed to simulate the fire behaviour. The FDS model is validated against the NRCC’s experimental results, and a good agreement is achieved. Winds from three horizontal directions (front wind is normal to the opening, side wind is parallel to the opening, and back wind is from behind the building) have been investigated, with speeds ranging up to 10 m/s for each wind direction. Front wind speeds below 1 m/s are found to slightly enhance the vertical spread of the fire, while speeds exceeding 1 m/s are inclined to promote horizontal spread. The impact of side wind on the vertical fire spread was also found to vary with wind speed. The increase in the speed of back wind influences flame buoyancy, resulting in an augmented vertical fire spread. Furthermore, the numerical results reveal that a vertical spandrel of 1100 mm height is less effective in preventing vertical fire spread through openings, compared to a 1100 mm deep horizontal projection. The study suggests that the fire safety design in reducing the hazard of vertical fire spread through openings in buildings’ external walls could be further improved if the effect of wind is considered.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Effect on External Fire Spread through Openings under the Protection of Horizontal Projections or Vertical Spandrels—A Numerical Study

Tang,

Tian,

Chen

et al. 2024

Fire

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“…For a typical wave energy generation device, a three-stage conversion is required, as shown in Figure 1. The first stage of conversion is to absorb the energy of the waves in the ocean through the floats and convert it into kinetic energy; the second stage of conversion is to further convert the kinetic energy of the floats into mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic energy; and the third stage of conversion device is further converted into electrical energy and fed into the grid [5][6].…”

Section: Overview Of Wave Energy Conversion Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Programming of Mechanical Power Generation Applications

2020

KME

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Electricity has a vital impact on human production and life, and energy storage systems are regarded as an important part of the "generation -transmission -distributionuse -storage" process. Mechanical elastic energy storage technology is a new type of energy storage technology recently proposed, which uses mechanical vortex spring as the energy storage medium and permanent magnet synchronous motor as the actuator to achieve energy storage and power generation. The aim of this paper is to investigate the design of a mechanical power generation application based on computational fluid dynamics. In this paper, a mechanical rectifier wave energy generation device is designed and the main work is as follows: the general structure of the device is designed, which mainly consists of three parts: the energy take-off mechanism (Power take-off, PTO for short), the float and the generator. The design of the structural parameters of the magnetically coupled force transfer system is completed according to the magnitude of the PTO force applied to the system. Based on the simulation model of the device, the effect of damping on the performance of the PTO system is analysed, and the input and output powers under different load resistance conditions are obtained to verify the optimal damping theory. The effect of wave period on the input-output power is obtained by varying the wave conditions.

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“…The TR propagation has been characterized, and the safe practices were achieved by increasing the inner cell spacing. With the development of computer science, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique has become a mature and effective tool to analyze many perspectives of battery studies, such as the single battery electro-thermal performance [32][33][34], each component of the battery cell [35][36][37], multi-scale multi-domain thermal analysis [38][39][40][41], the battery pack/module overall performances [42][43][44], etc. Tang et al [45] built an electrochemicalthermal model to optimize the structural design of the battery module.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Propagation Modelling of Abnormal Heat Generation in Various Battery Cell Locations

Yuen

Weng

et al. 2022

Batteries

Self Cite

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With the increasing demand for energy capacity and power density in battery systems, the thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries has become a major challenge for the upcoming decade. The heat transfer during the battery thermal runaway provides insight into thermal propagation. A better understanding of the heat exchange process improves a safer design and enhances battery thermal management performance. This work proposes a three-dimensional thermal model for the battery pack simulation by applying an in-house model to study the internal battery thermal propagation effect under the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation framework. The simulation results were validated with the experimental data. The detailed temperature distribution and heat transfer behaviour were simulated and analyzed. The thermal behaviour and cooling performance were compared by changing the abnormal heat generation locations inside the battery pack. The results indicated that various abnormal heat locations disperse heat to the surrounding coolant and other cells. According to the current battery pack setups, the maximum temperature of Row 2 cases can be increased by 2.93%, and the temperature difference was also increased. Overall, a new analytical approach has been demonstrated to investigate several stipulating battery thermal propagation scenarios for enhancing battery thermal performances.

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Multiphase CFD modelling for enclosure fires—A review on past studies and future perspectives

Cited by 17 publications

References 172 publications

Wind Effect on External Fire Spread through Openings under the Protection of Horizontal Projections or Vertical Spandrels—A Numerical Study

Wind Effect on External Fire Spread through Openings under the Protection of Horizontal Projections or Vertical Spandrels—A Numerical Study

Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Programming of Mechanical Power Generation Applications

Thermal Propagation Modelling of Abnormal Heat Generation in Various Battery Cell Locations

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